Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients aged 18 years and older * Patients in good general health (systemically healthy) * Patients with good oral hygiene * Patients with good periodontal health * Presence of at least one posterior tooth requiring restoration * Teeth must be vital and asymptomatic * Teeth must have proximal contact with adjacent teeth on both mesial and distal surfaces * Teeth must be in functional occlusion with an antagonist tooth * Presence of at least one carious lesion not extending deeper than two-thirds of dentin, with a clinical ICDAS code ≤ 3 * Absence of periapical pathology confirmed by radiographic evaluation * Patients who voluntarily agree to participate and provide written informed consent Exclusion Criteria: * Presence of any systemic disease * Poor oral hygiene * Presence of active or severe periodontal disease * Teeth with previous restorations or endodontic treatment * Non-vital (devitalized) or symptomatic teeth * Patients who are pregnant or breastfeeding * Patients undergoing active orthodontic treatment * Presence of parafunctional habits (e.g., bruxism) or xerostomia * Current tobacco use or history of heavy smoking * Patients unwilling or unable to attend follow-up visits