Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Having a singleton pregnancy between 37-42 weeks of gestation * Being between 18-40 years of age * Being a primigravida * Having a cephalic presentation with vertex position * Being in the active phase of labor (cervical dilatation ≥4 cm) * Accepting non-invasive interventions * Having no mental or physical disability * Being able to understand and speak Turkish * Willingness to participate in the study Exclusion Criteria: * High-risk pregnancies * Pregnant women at risk of intrapartum complications (e.g., oligohydramnios, polyhydramnios, intrauterine fetal demise, placenta previa, placental abruption, acute fetal distress, preeclampsia, fetal dystocia, macrosomia, etc.) * Pregnant women with a history of medical or obstetric complications * Women who have attended antenatal education classes (pregnancy school) * Women using epidural analgesia or other pharmacological pain management methods * Women experiencing communication difficulties * Women who are unwilling to participate in the study Exclusion Criteria from the Study * Experiencing dizziness, shortness of breath, or other discomfort, * Difficult and prolonged labor, instrumental delivery, placental retention, postpartum hemorrhage, need for neonatal intensive care, * Situations requiring emergency cesarean section during labor, * The woman will be excluded from the study if she ceases to cooperate during labor.