Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Inclusion criteria for patients were1) a diagnosis of schizophrenia according to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision ICD-10 (F20.00 to F20.09), with a duration of illness not exceeding five years from the date of initial diagnosis 2) received oral antipsychotic treatment for at least 6 months but no longer than five years 3) aged between 18 to 35 years. 4) mild psychotic symptoms severity, defined as a total score of 18 to 36 on the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) 5) documented history of medication non-adherence, as recorded in medical records 6) availability of a primary caregiver and 7) ability to communicate in Thai and via telephone using the LINE application Inclusion criteria for family members were 1) being a family member living in the same household as the patients and serving as the primary caregiver for at least six months without financial compensation 2) Aged 20 to 60 years 3) ownership of a mobile phone capable of using the LINE application; 4) no prior participation in family psychoeducation programs 5) ability to speak, read, and write Thai 6) no history of psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or major depressive disorder. Exclusion Criteria: * Exclusion criteria for both patients and caregivers were 1) acute exacerbation of psychotic symptoms requiring hospitalization during the study period 2) missing one or more scheduled intervention sessions 3) inability of the researcher to contact the family caregiver within one week despite repeated attempts.