Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * age ≥ 18 * patients with low-flow vascular malformations (venous, lymphatic, capillary or mixed type malformations), * patients with a low-flow vascular malformation poorly responding or recurring after previous treatment(s), * longer lesion diameter not exceeding 25 cm. * more than one lesion can be treated. The limiting factor is the maximal dose per patient per treatment session; 10 000 IU in adults, * skin or mucosal, superficial or deep-seated lesions can be treated, * technical feasibility of the BEST procedure, i.e.: injection of bleomycin and safe placement of electrodes into the vascular malformation are technically feasible. Exclusion Criteria: * pregnancy and lactation, * women of childbearing potential and men not using reliable contraception, * in adults, previous bleomycin exposure with a cumulative dose greater than 100 000 IU. In case of abnormal respiratory results/chest pathology (including previous severe or long COVID) in consultation with a pulmonologist, special care is required, and bleomycin exposure may be contraindicated, * known allergy or hypersensitivity to bleomycin, * presence of significant central venous drainage precluding sclerotherapy, * acute lung infection or severely reduced lung function, * bleomycin-related lung toxicity or reduced lung function which can indicate bleomycin-related lung toxicity, * ataxia telangiectasia, * chronic renal dysfunction.