Clinical Research Directory

Ultrasound System, Model DC-T6) will be positioned along the medial border of spinous processes level of the T7/T8 thoracic vertebrae. Anatomical landmarks, including the erector spinae muscle, transverse processes, and superior costotransverse ligament complex at the T7/T8 level, will be identified. Using an in-plane approach, a 21 G 0.8x100 mm echogenic insulated needle will be inserted through the erector spinae muscle toward the intertransverse tissue complex located between the superior costotransverse ligament and the transverse processes. Proper needle placement will be confirmed with the injection of 1-2 mL isotonic saline demonstrating separation within the intertransverse plane. Upon confirmation and negative aspiration, 20 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine hydrochloride will be administered on each side under ultrasound guidance.

After skin disinfection with chlorhexidine, the skin and subcutaneous tissues will be anesthetized using 2-4 mL of 1% lidocaine. A linear ultrasound probe will be positioned parallel to the lower costal margin. Anatomical landmarks, including the rectus abdominis muscle, posterior rectus sheath, and transversus abdominis muscle will be identified. Using an in-plane approach, a 21G 0.8×100 mm echogenic insulated needle will be inserted into the fascial plane between the posterior rectus sheath and the transversus abdominis muscle. Proper needle placement will be confirmed with the injection of 1-2 mL isotonic saline. Upon confirmation and negative aspiration, 20 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine hydrochloride will be administered on each side under ultrasound guidance.