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Adding VR-Based Episodic Future Thinking Training to Executive- Function Training for Children With ADHD: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Sponsor: Qilu Hospital of Shandong University
Summary
This study recruited 80 children aged 5-12 with clinically diagnosed ADHD from Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, and randomly divided them into two groups with 40 children in each group: the EF-only group and the EF+VR-EFT group. Both groups received a 2-week intervention with 5 sessions per week
Key Details
Gender
All
Age Range
5 Years - 12 Years
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Enrollment
80
Start Date
2024-06-01
Completion Date
2025-12-30
Last Updated
2026-05-18
Healthy Volunteers
No
Conditions
Interventions
executive function
Control Group (EF-only group): Participants received a 2-week standardized, non-immersive conventional executive function (EF) training, with 6 sessions per week (45 minutes per session) under researcher supervision, targeting core executive processes such as inhibitory control and working memory. Experimental Group (EF+VR-EFT group): On the basis of the same conventional EF training as the control group, participants additionally completed a 20-minute VR-based episodic future thinking (VR-EFT) module per session, delivered via PICO headsets through immersive gameplay in a controlled clinical setting.
a VR-based episodic future thinking
Experimental Group (EF+VR-EFT group): On the basis of the same 2-week conventional EF training, participants additionally completed a VR-based episodic future thinking (VR-EFT) module in each session. Their executive function achieved more significant and stable improvements, particularly in higher-order domains.
Locations (1)
Qilu Hospital of Shandong University
Jinan, Shandong, China