Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Males and females aged 50-70 years * BMI between 25-30 kg/m2 * HbA1c ≤7% for T2D * HbA1c ≤6.5% for prediabetes * HbA1c ≤5.7% for controls * Signed Project Information and Informed Consent Form * Signed Data Processing Consent Form Exclusion Criteria: * Lipid-lowering therapy with ezetimibe, fenofibrate, omega-3 fatty acids, or other drugs that can interfere with lipoprotein absorption and metabolism * Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) \<60 ml/min and renal impairment (e.g., uACR ≥30 mg/mmol) for 3 months or more * Secondary or syndromic forms of obesity * Patients on insulin therapy * All acute and chronic conditions that, in the opinion of the investigators, may cause bias. * Hospitalization for acute illness or major surgery in the last 6 months * Patients on stable therapy for less than 3 months * Allergy or intolerance to one or more components of the meal used in the protocol * Pregnancy or breastfeeding * Habitual consumption of alcoholic beverages (\>20 g/day for females and \>30 g/day for males) or unwillingness to abstain from alcoholic beverages during the study run-in period * All subjects who do not consent to participate in the study