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Trunk Control Exercises and Mirror Therapy on Balance and Posture in Parkinson's Disease
Sponsor: University of Lahore
Summary
Parkinson's disease (PD) is movement disorder of the nervous system that worsens over time. As nerve cells (neurons) in parts of the brain weaken or are damaged or die, people may begin to notice problems with movement, tremor, stiffness in the limbs or the trunk of the body, or impaired balance. As these symptoms become more obvious, people may have difficulty walking, talking, or completing other simple tasks. Not everyone with one or more of these symptoms has PD, as the symptoms appear in other diseases as well. Both non-modifiable (age, gender) and modifiable risk factors such as occupation, exposure to pesticides, and depression have an association with PD. Several studies have suggested that Parkinson disease is more common in men. The MT mechanism is based on the concept of visual illusion. The movement of the non-paretic part in front of the mirror (reflective side) is perceived as that of the paretic body part (hidden beside the mirror). MT allows an individual to have an experience of normal movement, even for the severely paralyzed limb. In addition, wherever other rehabilitation methods fail to induce normal movements without any compensation, MT may act as a foundation step for further motor therapy. The perception of movement illusion, a neuropsychological phenomenon may induce neural activation of the lesioned brain and enhance associated motor recovery. Therefore the aim of this study is to compare the effects of truck control exercise program and mirror therapy on balance and postural instability in patients with Parkinson's disease.
Official title: Effects of Trunk Control Exercises and Mirror Therapy on Balance and Posture in Patients With Parkinson's Disease
Key Details
Gender
All
Age Range
50 Years - 70 Years
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Enrollment
36
Start Date
2024-12-22
Completion Date
2026-06-20
Last Updated
2026-05-27
Healthy Volunteers
No
Conditions
Interventions
Trunk control exercise
The participants will complete balance exercises which targeted their feedforward along with feedback postural reflexes. The exercise program will include three different groups of tasks: self-destabilizing movements such as rolling on the toes and bouncing a ball while walking as well as external destabilization tasks like balancing on foam surfaces and therapist-performed perturbations and coordinated arm movements during walking. The patients will undergo ten specific movements per session and medical staff raised the exercise difficulty level as they made improvement. The principal investigator will provide verbal instruction together with physical help if required.
Mirror therapy
In this, each patient will be instructed to keep the affected limb in static position. The limb will be in the position of hip 90°, knee 90°, and ankle 90° for the short-sitting posture and in the position of hip 90°, knee 0°, and ankle neutral in the long-sitting posture. The position of the limb was ensured from time to time. The repetition will be modulated to complete the maximum time of each session. Weight bearing in standing (extended knee) 2-3 minutes, Weight bearing in standing on inclined wedge 2-3 minutes. Movements using associated reactions 10 repetitions, Knee flexion control in prone position 10 repetitions, Active-assistive movement using activities (medicinal ball, rocker board, pedocycle, jogger) for hip (flexion), knee (flexion-extension) and ankle (ankle dorsi flexion-plantar flexion) in sitting position 10 repetitions for each.
Locations (1)
Nimra Nadeem
Lahore, Punjab Province, Pakistan