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Concept Mapping and Gamification in Arterial Blood Gas Analysis Education
Sponsor: Cemile Nida Kayış
Summary
Arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis is a complex clinical competency that requires the integrated interpretation of acid-base balance, oxygenation, and ventilation parameters in relation to the clinical presentation. Although various student-centered educational approaches have been used in ABG education, higher-order cognitive outcomes such as problem-solving, decision-making, and long-term retention of learning have received comparatively limited attention. This two-arm, parallel-group randomized controlled trial evaluates the effects of an interactive instructional approach integrating concept mapping and gamification on ABG education among first-year students enrolled in the Anesthesia Program. Participants are randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either the intervention or control group. Both groups receive one 90-minute educational session per week for four consecutive weeks, with the educational content, learning objectives, duration of instruction, and weekly sequence of topics standardized across groups. The control group receives structured lectures using a traditional instructor-centered teaching approach, supplemented by responses to students' questions and written instructional materials. The intervention group receives an interactive educational program integrating concept mapping, clinical case analysis, Wordwall activities, Kahoot! quizzes, points, digital badges, and a leaderboard. The primary outcome is conceptual knowledge of ABG analysis. Secondary outcomes include clinical scenario interpretation skills, problem-solving ability, and clinical decision-making tendencies. Outcomes are assessed at baseline, immediately after completion of the four-week educational program, and three months after completion of the program to assess retention of learning.
Official title: Effect of Concept Mapping and Gamification on Arterial Blood Gas Analysis Skills
Key Details
Gender
All
Age Range
18 Years - Any
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Enrollment
90
Start Date
2026-01-01
Completion Date
2026-05-21
Last Updated
2026-08-21
Healthy Volunteers
Yes
Conditions
Interventions
Concept Mapping
As part of the four-week intervention program, concept mapping was used to support theoretical instruction in arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis. Concept maps developed using CmapTools were used to present fundamental concepts and the relationships among them. Students were then provided with semi-structured concept maps from which selected concepts, connections, and linking phrases had been removed. Students completed the missing components individually, reviewed their responses through small-group discussions, and participated in a whole-class review with instructor feedback and clarification of the correct conceptual relationships.
Traditional Education
Participants in the control group received one 90-minute educational session per week for four consecutive weeks using a structured, traditional instructor-centered teaching approach. Fundamental concepts and the steps involved in arterial blood gas (ABG) interpretation were explained using examples. The sessions were supplemented by responses to students' questions and written instructional materials aligned with the course content.
Gamification-Based Education
As part of the four-week intervention program, students participated in gamification-based learning activities related to ABG analysis. Clinical case scenarios aligned with the weekly educational content were analyzed in small groups, followed by interactive Wordwall activities and a weekly Kahoot! quiz consisting of 10 multiple-choice questions. Immediate feedback was provided after the activities. A multicomponent reward system consisting of points, digital badges, and a leaderboard was used. Student performance was evaluated on a 100-point scale during each session, and students achieving a weekly total score of ≥80 received a digital badge and had their scores displayed on the leaderboard. Students scoring \<80 received feedback on areas requiring further learning.
Locations (1)
KTO Karatay University, Vocational School of Health Services, Anesthesia Program
Konya, Lecturer, Turkey (Türkiye)