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Comparison of the Effectiveness of Two Different Methods in Reducing Pain and Anxiety
Sponsor: Celal Bayar University
Summary
Aim: This study was conducted to determine the effect of distraction techniques (breathing exercises and stress ball squeezing) applied to adults during blood collection on pain and anxiety. Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 90 patients who applied for admission to the Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Department of Turgutlu State Hospital between March 2025 and February 2026, comprising 30 breathing exercise, 30 stress ball, and 30 control groups. Data collection utilised the 'Demographic Characteristics Form', the 'State Anxiety Scale' and the 'Visual Anxiety Scale', the 'Visual Pain Scale'the 'Life Findings Form' to record life and the 'Informed Consent Form' were used . Descriptive statistical methods (number, percentage, median, mean, standard deviation), chi-square, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Kruskal- Wallis, Wilcoxon, Bonferroni and Friedman were used when evaluating the data.
Official title: Comparison of the Effectiveness of Two Different Methods in Reducing Pain and Anxiety During Blood Collection: Breathing Exercises and Stress Ball
Key Details
Gender
All
Age Range
18 Years - 65 Years
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Enrollment
90
Start Date
2025-03-01
Completion Date
2026-02-28
Last Updated
2026-06-01
Healthy Volunteers
No
Conditions
Interventions
stress ball
The stress ball, made of soft plastic and designed to be held comfortably in the hand, can be squeezed and released to return to its original shape; it measures 8-10 cm in diameter and has a smooth surface. The stress ball was given to the participant's hand on the side opposite the blood draw site, and they were instructed to squeeze and release it throughout the procedure. A separate stress ball was used for each participant. Information was provided about the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) to be used to measure pain levels during the blood draw, and the researcher asked about pain levels and anxiety levels during the procedure. After the blood draw was completed, participants were asked to complete the Vital Signs Form, the State Anxiety Scale, the Visual Anxiety Scale, and the Visual Pain Scale again.
breathing exercises
After individuals were taught breathing exercises, they were asked to begin the breathing exercises before the blood draw began. The individuals continued the breathing exercises during the blood draw, and the breathing exercises were stopped at the end of the procedure. Information was provided regarding the VAS to be used to measure pain levels during the blood draw, and the researcher asked about pain levels and anxiety levels during the procedure. After the blood draw was completed, participants were asked to complete the Vital Signs Form, the State Anxiety Scale, the Visual Anxiety Scale, and the Visual Pain Scale again.
Locations (1)
Kıvan ÇEVİK KAYA
Manisa, Yunusemre, Turkey (Türkiye)