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Comparison of Internal Rotation, Local Cold and ShotBlocker on Intramuscular Injection Pain and Comfort
Sponsor: MEDICANA
Summary
This single-centre, randomized, counterbalanced, within-subjects clinical trial compared four techniques for reducing pain and improving comfort during ventrogluteal intramuscular cyanocobalamin injection in adults. Participants presenting to a family health centre for prescribed vitamin B12 injection each received four injections, one with each technique: standard injection, internal rotation of the extremity, local cold application, and ShotBlocker. Technique order was assigned using a 4 x 4 Latin-square randomization. Pain and comfort were measured immediately after each injection using 0-10 participant-reported scales.
Official title: Comparison of Internal Rotation of the Extremity, Local Cold Application and ShotBlocker on Pain and Comfort During Ventrogluteal Intramuscular Cyanocobalamin Injection: A Randomized Counterbalanced Within-Subjects Clinical Trial
Key Details
Gender
All
Age Range
18 Years - Any
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Enrollment
215
Start Date
2019-07-09
Completion Date
2019-12-31
Last Updated
2026-06-03
Healthy Volunteers
No
Interventions
Standard intramuscular injection
Standard ventrogluteal intramuscular cyanocobalamin injection.
Internal rotation of the extremity
Participant internally rotated the foot of the injection-side leg before and during ventrogluteal injection.
Local cold application
Cold gel pack application to the injection site for 3 minutes before ventrogluteal injection.
ShotBlocker
ShotBlocker device applied with firm contact around the injection site during needle insertion, medication delivery, and needle withdrawal.
Locations (1)
TOKI Family Health Centre
Sivas, Turkey (Türkiye)