Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Age 18 to 80 years. * Adult patients undergoing unilateral ureteroscopy or retrograde intrarenal surgery for ureteric or renal stones. * Intraoperative confirmation that short-term postoperative ureteric stenting for approximately 2 weeks is clinically indicated. * Indications for postoperative stenting may include ureteric edema, minor ureteric mucosal trauma, need for ureteric dilatation, ureteral access sheath use with expected postoperative edema, impacted stone, residual dust or fragments requiring temporary drainage, or prolonged procedure. * Ability to understand and complete the Arabic Ureteral Stent Symptom Questionnaire. * Ability to provide written informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: * Cases in which no postoperative ureteric stent is clinically indicated. * Cases requiring prolonged urinary drainage or major reconstructive decision-making. * Bilateral ureteroscopy or retrograde intrarenal surgery. * Solitary kidney. * Major ureteric injury or ureteric perforation. * Preoperative febrile urinary tract infection or sepsis. * Pregnancy or breastfeeding. * Neurogenic bladder. * Overactive bladder syndrome. * Major neurological disease or psychiatric disease affecting symptom reporting. * History of major bladder, prostate, or pelvic surgery likely to confound stent-related symptoms. * Concomitant use of alpha-blockers, anticholinergics, chronic analgesics, or other medications likely to alter symptom evaluation. * Other acute medical conditions that might influence the Ureteral Stent Symptom Questionnaire pain score, including acute pancreatitis, acute gastroenteritis, or musculoskeletal disorders. * Known allergy to any study-related medication or device material. * Inability to comply with the follow-up schedule.