Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Participants must have a prior clinical diagnosis of PFPS made by an orthopedic physician, which was then confirmed and verified by the principal investigator through physical therapy assessment. The diagnosis is characterized by anterior or retropatellar knee pain aggravated by at least one activity that loads the patellofemoral joint during weight bearing, such as stair climbing, squatting, running, or prolonged sitting. 2. Participants aged between 18 and 35 years. 3. Participants with BMI ≤ 25 kg/m² to ensure inclusion of individuals within a normal weight range. 4. Insidious onset of anterior knee pain with a duration greater than 12 weeks. 5. Experienced a minimum pain level of 3/10 on a visual analogue scale (VAS) during activity within the previous week. Exclusion Criteria: Participants meeting any of the following conditions will be excluded from the study: 1. Individuals with previous knee surgery, fracture, ligament reconstruction, patellar dislocation, osteoarthritis, meniscal injuries, inflammatory joint disease, or other conditions that may mimic or contribute to anterior knee pain. 2. Participants with neurological, cardiovascular, or systemic musculoskeletal disorders that may affect gait, strength, or exercise tolerance 3. Pregnant women will be excluded due to potential alterations in joint biomechanics and safety considerations during exercise interventions.