Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Adults aged 19 years or older * Prior left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤40% before surgery or intervention, with recovery to ≥50% (normalized range) at the time of enrollment * N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) \<250 ng/L * Complete correction of a reversible underlying cause of heart failure: surgical or transcatheter correction of valvular heart disease (mitral regurgitation, aortic stenosis, aortic regurgitation), or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) for ischemic cardiomyopathy * Currently receiving both ARNI and SGLT2i for at least 3 months at enrollment (MRA and/or beta-blocker may also be used) * Clinically stable outpatient with no heart failure-related hospitalization within the prior 6 months * Able to provide written informed consent Exclusion Criteria: * Heart failure due to irreversible etiology (e.g., idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, toxic cardiomyopathy, genetic cardiomyopathy) * For valvular disease: moderate or greater paravalvular leak, or residual moderate or greater mitral or aortic regurgitation * For ischemic disease: incomplete revascularization or graft occlusion on post-operative coronary CT * Chronic kidney disease stage 4 or higher (eGFR \<30 mL/min/1.73 m²) * Symptomatic hypotension (systolic blood pressure \<90 mmHg) or symptomatic bradycardia (heart rate \<50 beats/min) * Pregnant, suspected pregnancy, or breastfeeding * Terminal malignancy or end-stage organ failure with life expectancy \<12 months * Participation in another clinical trial within 3 months prior to screening * Any condition that, in the investigator's judgment, makes the participant unsuitable for the study