Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Clinical diagnosis of patellofemoral pain syndrome (anterior or peripatellar knee pain aggravated by at least two activities such as stair climbing, prolonged sitting, squatting, or running). * Symptoms persisting for at least 3 months. Exclusion Criteria: * History of previous knee surgery or trauma (e.g., ligamentous laxity, meniscal tear, or patellar fracture). * Concomitant knee pathology (e.g., tibiofemoral osteoarthritis, patellar tendinopathy, or plica syndrome). * Presence of metallic implants, pacemakers, or electrical medical devices in the body . * Recent corticosteroid or hyaluronic acid injection into the affected knee within the last 3 months. * Pregnancy.