Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Community-dwelling adults aged 70 years or older. * Ability and willingness to provide written informed consent. * Medical clearance to participate in low-to-moderate intensity physical exercise. * Presence of frailty or pre-frailty defined by meeting at least two of the following criteria: * Functional independence sufficient to participate in the intervention (Barthel Index \>80. * FRAIL Scale score ≥ 1. * Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score \< 10. * Gait speed \< 0.8 m/s. * Timed Up and Go (TUG) test \> 12 seconds. * Registered at one of the participating primary care centers. Exclusion Criteria: * Absolute contraindications to physical exercise, including recent acute myocardial infarction, unstable angina, severe uncontrolled cardiovascular disease, or severe uncorrected aortic stenosis. * Severe cognitive impairment preventing comprehension of study procedures or exercise instructions. * Severe psychiatric disorders interfering with participation. * Absence of a legally authorized representative when required. * Severe uncontrolled behavioral disturbances. * Any acute or chronic medical condition considered by the investigators to make participation unsafe. Discontinuation Criteria: * Failure to attend the initial mandatory health education workshop. * Attendance at fewer than 6 of the 12 scheduled supervised exercise sessions. * Development of an acute medical condition that results in a temporary or permanent contraindication to physical activity. * Participant withdrawal of informed consent.