Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Diagnosed with chronic low back pain (greater than or equal to 12 weeks) with or without concurrent neck pain. * Low back pain in the paraspinal region (L1-S2) by asking the patient to point to their area of pain. * 18 - 64 years old (on the day of informed consent) * Willing and able to attend all study visits. * No medication changes for at least 30 days before study enrollment (self-report) * Eligible for care at participating military treatment facilities * Able to read and understand English. * Negative pregnancy test for women capable of pregnancy. Exclusion Criteria: * Diagnosed with low back pain of less than 12 weeks duration * History of back fractures or surgical repair of the back * History of depression with vagus nerve stimulation * Any type of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), or rPMS treatment prior to study enrollment. * Currently using any other adjunctive treatments for chronic back pain such as low-level laser treatment, ultrasound, dry needling, chiropractor manipulations, cervical collars, TENS units, or other stimulation, eastern medicine regimens including Qi Gong or Tai Chi. (Exception: strength building physical therapy, non-neuropathic pain modifiers, and non-anticonvulsant routine pain medicine regimens such as NSAIDS and Acetaminophen are allowed).Scheduled for nerve ablation, dry needling, trigger point injections, nerve block, therapeutic ultrasound, other stimulation, or similar adjunct treatments during the study period. * Diagnosed with a specific low back pain: osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, phantom limb pain, central pain syndrome, spinal cord damage, myofascial pain syndrome, or other more specific diagnosis (at investigators discretion). * Unstable or poorly controlled mental health diagnosis (e.g., current changes in medication or medical management). * Dermal or subdermal implants (e.g., aneurysm clips, shunts, stimulators, ferro magnetic implants, stents, or electrodes, or pacemakers) or any other metal object within or near the site of stimulation which cannot be safely removed. * Clinically significant abnormality or clinically significant unstable medical condition that, in the investigator's judgment, might pose a potential safety risk to the subject or limit interpretation of the trial results. * Any condition which, in the judgment of the investigator, would prevent the patient from completing study procedures. * Pregnancy * Younger than 18 years old (on the day of informed consent) * Older than 64 years old (on the day of informed consent) * NOT willing or able to attend all study visits. * Medication changes for back pain less than 30 days prior to study enrollment (self-report) * NOT eligible for care at participating military treatment facilities * NOT able to read and understand English.