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Virtual Reality-Based Mirror Therapy and FES-Cycling in Stroke Rehabilitation
Sponsor: Ankara City Hospital Bilkent
Summary
This randomized controlled, assessor-blinded study aimed to compare the effects of virtual reality-based mirror therapy (VRBMT) and functional electrical stimulation-assisted cycling (FES-cycling) when combined with conventional rehabilitation on upper extremity recovery in patients with stroke. Participants with first-ever stroke, unilateral hemiplegia, and upper extremity impairment within six months after stroke onset were randomly assigned to one of three groups: conventional rehabilitation alone, conventional rehabilitation plus VRBMT, or conventional rehabilitation plus FES-cycling. All participants received a four-week rehabilitation program. Upper extremity motor function, functional independence, use of the affected upper extremity in daily activities, and quality of life were assessed before and after the intervention.
Official title: Comparison of Virtual Reality-Based Mirror Therapy and Functional Electrical Stimulation-Assisted Cycling for Upper Extremity Rehabilitation After Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Key Details
Gender
All
Age Range
18 Years - Any
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Enrollment
60
Start Date
2021-05-01
Completion Date
2023-02-28
Last Updated
2026-06-24
Healthy Volunteers
No
Interventions
Conventional Rehabilitation
A conventional rehabilitation program including neurophysiological exercises, range of motion exercises, strengthening exercises, stretching exercises, balance and coordination training, and ambulation training.
Virtual Reality-Based Mirror Therapy
Virtual reality-based mirror therapy was performed using the Neuroforma system. The intervention provided visual feedback to create an illusion of movement of the paretic upper extremity and aimed to support motor relearning.
Functional Electrical Stimulation-Assisted Cycling
Functional electrical stimulation-assisted cycling was performed using the RT-300 system. Electrical stimulation was applied to targeted upper extremity muscles during cycling movements to facilitate repetitive motor activity.
Locations (1)
Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Hospital
Ankara, Ankara, Turkey (Türkiye)