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Comparative Effects of Meditation, Nature Exposure, and Digital Activities on Physiological and Perceived Stress
Sponsor: University of Pavia
Summary
The present study aims to compare the effects of meditation, nature exposure, digital scrolling, and reading on physiological and perceived stress. Participants will undergo a baseline assessment including the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), a visual analogue scale (VAS) for anxiety, and salivary cortisol collection at 8:30 a.m, prior to cortisol peak. Participants will then engage in one of four activities: guided meditation, a walk in a forest environment, digital scrolling on a smartphone, or reading a neutral text. Following the activity, salivary cortisol will be collected again and anxiety will be reassessed using the VAS. The study will evaluate changes in cortisol levels, perceived stress and perceived anxiety across the four conditions and explore the potential moderating role of baseline mindfulness traits. The central research question of this study is whether different experiential conditions elicit distinct psychophysiological responses, as reflected by changes in perceived stressm salivary cortisol and perceived anxiety and therefore this investigation could improve the understanding of how different experiential contexts influence short-term stress regulation.
Official title: Comparative Effects of Meditation, Nature Exposure, Digital Scrolling, and Reading on Physiological and Perceived Stress: A Non-Randomized Controlled Study
Key Details
Gender
All
Age Range
20 Years - 80 Years
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Enrollment
100
Start Date
2025-11-05
Completion Date
2026-07
Last Updated
2026-06-29
Healthy Volunteers
Yes
Conditions
Interventions
Mindfulness-based intervention
The intervention consists of 1 in person session of mindfulness of 20 minutes.
Forest bathing
Participants engaged in guided forest immersion including mindful walking, sensory awareness, meditation, and nature-based contemplative activities.The intervention consists of 1 in person session of 20 minutes.
Scrolling
Strolling consisted of a slow, relaxed walk in a natural environment without specific mindfulness or sensory-awareness instructions.
Locations (1)
Cascina Cravino Via Bassi 21
Pavia, Italia, Italy