Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Full-time undergraduate students majoring in nursing. 2. Students who are about to enter clinical internship or are in the early stage of clinical internship. 3. Students who are able to use the WeChat mini-program to complete questionnaires. 4. Students with normal reading comprehension ability. 5. Students who voluntarily agree to participate in the study and provide informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Students who are unable to complete the internship during the study period due to suspension of schooling, withdrawal from school, military service, long-term sick leave, or other reasons. 2. Students who have participated in similar interventional studies that may affect the assessment of the primary outcome. 3. Students with severe physical or mental illness, or other conditions that make them unable to complete the questionnaires independently. Exclusion From Analysis Criteria: 1. Questionnaires with an obviously too short completion time, below the minimum reasonable response time set by the research team. 2. Questionnaires with patterned responses or obvious logical inconsistencies. 3. Questionnaires with missing key variables that cannot be used for the main statistical analysis. 4. Repeated submissions at the same time point where the valid version cannot be confirmed.