Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Age over 40 years. * Diagnosed with MM, SMM, or MGUS through standard diagnostic procedures. * Voluntarily participating and signed written informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: * Pregnant or lactating women. * Prior cancer diagnosis within the past 5 years, or history of any form of systemic cancer therapy (including chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, etc.). * History of organ transplantation, or allogeneic bone marrow or stem cell transplantation. * History of blood transfusion within 7 days prior to blood collection. * Poor compliance or potential interference with signing informed consent as judged by the investigator, or any other conditions rendering the subject unsuitable for the study.