Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Patients aged ≥18 years who met the diagnostic criteria for ESRD according to the KDIGO 2012 Clinical Practice Guideline, namely a glomerular filtration rate of less than 15 mL/min/1.73 m². 2. Patients who have received regular maintenance hemodialysis for at least 3 months, with a dialysis frequency of three times per week. 3. Patients with a relatively stable clinical condition and no severe complications that may affect participation in the study. 4. Patients who are conscious, have normal communication ability, and are able to cooperate in completing the study procedures and questionnaires. 5. Patients who have no plan to change dialysis centers or travel for an extended period during the intervention period. 6. Patients who voluntarily agree to participate in this study and provide informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Patients with severe cognitive impairment, mental disorder, or communication difficulties that prevent participation in the intervention or completion of questionnaires. 2. Patients with severe acute illness or unstable clinical condition. 3. Patients who are unable or unwilling to complete the 6-month intervention or follow-up. 4. Patients participating in another similar intervention study during the same period.