Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Adults aged ≥18 years. American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I or II. Able and willing to comply with the study protocol and follow-up schedule. Required at least two dental implants in contralateral or symmetrical edentulous sites. Implant sites free of active infection or acute periodontal disease. Adequate oral hygiene. Sufficient bone volume for placement of a standard-diameter implant with at least 1.5 mm of surrounding peri-implant bone. Keratinized mucosal width ≥2 mm. Soft tissue thickness ≥2 mm. Written informed consent provided. Exclusion Criteria: * Systemic diseases or medical conditions contraindicating implant surgery. Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (HbA1c \>10%). Current intravenous antiresorptive therapy. History of head and neck radiotherapy. Immunosuppressive therapy. Active malignancy. Uncontrolled hypertension. Advanced hepatic or renal insufficiency. Pregnancy. Poor oral hygiene. Active oral infection. Requirement for bone augmentation before implant placement. Inadequate bone volume. Unfavorable peri-implant soft tissue phenotype. Primary implant stability \<20 Ncm at implant placement.