Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Adults aged 18 years or older. * Presentation to the emergency department following blunt chest trauma with isolated rib fracture(s) confirmed by clinical and/or radiological assessment. * A maximum of three fractured ribs. * In cases of multiple fractures, involvement of adjacent (consecutive) ribs only. * No associated intrathoracic injuries, including pneumothorax, hemothorax, pulmonary contusion, or other clinically significant thoracic trauma. * Fully conscious and able to communicate effectively, with adequate orientation and cooperation to complete pain assessments. * Baseline Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) pain score ≥4 at the time of enrollment. * Ability and willingness to provide written informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: * Pregnancy or suspected pregnancy. * Inability to reliably assess pain because of impaired consciousness, cognitive dysfunction, communication difficulties, or lack of cooperation. * Significant visual or hearing impairment interfering with study procedures. * Use of systemic analgesic medication within 6 hours before enrollment. * History of major psychiatric or neurological disorders that could influence pain perception or study participation. * Known hypersensitivity or previous adverse reaction to naproxen, lidocaine, dexketoprofen, tramadol hydrochloride, or any component of the study medications. * Presence of additional traumatic injuries requiring alternative pain management or hospital admission.