Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Singleton pregnancy (≥34+0 weeks of gestation). * Spontaneous eutocic vaginal delivery. * Healthy newborn with a birth weight of ≥2500 grams (appropriate for gestational age). * Informed consent signed by both the patient and her partner. Exclusion Criteria: * Maternal Medical Conditions * Chronic or Pregnancy-Induced Hypertensive Disorders: Including chronic hypertension, pre-eclampsia, and HELLP syndrome. * Systemic Diseases: Pre-existing autoimmune diseases, significant cardiovascular diseases, or metabolic disorders that may interfere with placental function. * Haematological Disorders: Known maternal coagulopathies, severe anaemia (Haemoglobin \< 8 g/dL), or other blood dyscrasias. * Obstetric Complications and Emergencies * Placental Anomalies: Suspected or confirmed placental abruption, placenta previa, or morbidly adherent placenta (accreta/increta/percreta). * Acute Intrapartum Complications: Umbilical cord prolapse, suspected chorioamnionitis (intra-amniotic infection), or significant antepartum haemorrhage. * Operative or Instrumental Delivery: Any requirement for urgent operative vaginal delivery (vacuum or forceps) or conversion to Emergency Caesarean Section. * Pre-existing Risk for PPH: History of severe Postpartum Haemorrhage in previous pregnancies. * Neonatal Factors * Acute Neonatal Distress: Requirement for immediate neonatal resuscitation at birth that precludes waiting for placental expulsion. * Congenital Anomalies: Presence of major congenital malformations or chromosomal abnormalities.