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Effect of Different Heating Protocols of Resin Composites on Pulp Condition (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Sponsor: Ain Shams University
Summary
This randomized controlled clinical trial evaluates the effect of different resin composite preheating protocols on pulpal inflammation and postoperative pain. Thirty patients with deep occlusal carious lesions (ICDAS scores 5 and 6) will be randomly assigned to three equal groups (n=10). Group I will receive thermoviscous bulk-fill composite (VisCalor, VOCO) preheated to 65°C and placed as a single 4-mm increment. Group II will receive conventional nanohybrid composite (Ivoclar Vivadent) preheated to 55°C and placed incrementally. Group III (control) will receive the same composite at room temperature (23°C) using incremental placement. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples will be collected at baseline, immediately post-treatment, and at 7-day follow-up. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) concentrations will be quantified using ELISA. Postoperative pain will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at baseline and day 7. The study aims to determine whether different preheating protocols differentially affect pulpal inflammatory status and whether GCF TNF-α correlates with postoperative pain.
Key Details
Gender
All
Age Range
18 Years - 45 Years
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Enrollment
30
Start Date
2025-11-01
Completion Date
2026-06-30
Last Updated
2026-07-22
Healthy Volunteers
No
Interventions
Arm 1 only "VisCalor Thermoviscous Bulk-Fill Composite"
VisCalor (VOCO, Germany) is a thermoviscous bulk-fill composite resin designed for posterior restorations. It is supplied in compules and preheated to 65°C using the VisCalor Dispenser, which maintains the material at the target temperature until the moment of application. The composite has 89% filled universal nano-hybrid composition and is placed as a single 4-mm bulk increment.
Tetric EvoCeram Conventional Nanohybrid Composite (Preheated 55°C)
Tetric EvoCeram (Ivoclar Vivadent, Liechtenstein) is a conventional nanohybrid composite resin with 76 wt.% filler content (barium glass, ytterbium trifluoride, silicon dioxide, mixed oxide). It is preheated to 55°C using a Composite Heater (Cicada Dental, China) for 5 minutes and placed incrementally in 2-mm layers. Each increment is light-cured for 20 seconds.
Tetric EvoCeram Conventional Nanohybrid Composite (Room Temperature)
Tetric EvoCeram (Ivoclar Vivadent, Liechtenstein) is a conventional nanohybrid composite resin with 76 wt.% filler content (barium glass, ytterbium trifluoride, silicon dioxide, mixed oxide). It is used at room temperature (23°C) without preheating and placed incrementally in 2-mm layers. Each increment is light-cured for 20 seconds. This is the control intervention.
Locations (1)
Ain Shams University
Cairo, Cairo Governorate, Egypt