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Cold Spray for Insulin-Injection Pain in the Emergency Department
Sponsor: Abant Izzet Baysal University
Summary
This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, within-patient crossover trial evaluated whether a vapocoolant (cold) spray applied before subcutaneous insulin injection reduces injection pain compared with a placebo (sterile-water) spray in adults treated in a tertiary-care emergency department. Each participant received a cold spray before one clinically indicated insulin injection and a placebo spray before another, in randomized order, and marked injection pain on a 100-mm visual analog scale 10 seconds after each injection. The within-patient design allowed each participant to serve as their own control.
Official title: Cold Spray for Pain Reduction During Subcutaneous Insulin Injection in the Emergency Department: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Two-Period Crossover Trial
Key Details
Gender
All
Age Range
18 Years - Any
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Enrollment
100
Start Date
2025-02-05
Completion Date
2025-04-01
Last Updated
2026-07-27
Healthy Volunteers
No
Conditions
Interventions
Cold (vapocoolant) spray
A vapocoolant (cold) spray applied to the intended abdominal injection site for approximately 10 seconds from approximately 30 cm; the subcutaneous insulin injection was performed approximately 10 seconds later, and the needle was kept in the skin for approximately 10 seconds before withdrawal.
Placebo (sterile-water) spray
A sterile-water placebo spray delivered in an identical manner to the active spray (same device handling, distance, and duration) before the subcutaneous insulin injection.
Locations (1)
Bolu Izzet Baysal Training and Research Hospital
Bolu, Turkey (Türkiye)