Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Adults aged 18 to 70 years. * Confirmed Helicobacter pylori infection prior to treatment, as determined by a positive 13C-urea breath test (13C-UBT) and gastric biopsy. * No previous H. pylori eradication therapy. * Ability and willingness to provide written informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: * Significant underlying conditions that, in the opinion of the treating physician, would preclude participation in the study, including hepatic insufficiency (aspartate aminotransferase or alanine aminotransferase \>3 times the upper limit of normal), renal insufficiency (creatinine ≥2.0 mg/dL or glomerular filtration rate \<50 mL/min), immunosuppression, malignant tumors, coronary heart disease or coronary artery stenosis ≥75%, thyroid disease, pulmonary disease, or any other serious medical condition. * Pregnancy, breastfeeding, or unwillingness to use contraception during the study. * Active gastrointestinal bleeding. * History of upper gastrointestinal tract surgery. * History of allergic reactions to medications included in the treatment regimen. * Use of bismuth-containing agents, antibiotics, proton pump inhibitors, or other relevant medications within 4 weeks prior to treatment. * Behaviors that may increase the risk of illness, including excessive alcohol consumption or substance abuse. * Negative repeat urea breath test prior to treatment initiation. * Unwillingness or inability to provide informed consent.