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TRANSLATION, ADAPTATION, VALIDATION AND RELIABILITY OF ARABIC VERSION OF KERLAN-JOBE ORTHOPAEDIC CLINIC SHOULDER AND ELBOW SCORE IN EGYPTIAN SYMPTOMATIC OVERHEAD ATHLETES
Sponsor: Ziad Mohamed Mohamed Abdalla Haroun
Summary
PURPOSE: To perform a cross-cultural adaption of the KJOC Shoulder and Elbow score into the Arabic language, then to test its validity and reliability. BACKGROUND: Shoulder and elbow injuries are highly prevalent among overhead and throwing athletes, particularly in sports such as baseball, handball, volleyball, and tennis throwing. Accurate assessment of upper extremity function in this athletic population is essential for injury prevention, clinical decision-making, and monitoring return-to-sport outcomes. The Kerlan-Jobe Orthopaedic Clinic (KJOC) Shoulder and Elbow Score is a sport-specific, patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) developed to evaluate functional performance, pain, and sport-related limitations in overhead athletes. It has been widely used and validated in several languages including Spanish, Germany, Japanese, and Greek; however, no validated Arabic version is currently available. Simple literal translation is insufficient for patient-reported outcome measures. Instead, a structured process of translation, cultural adaptation, and comprehensive psychometric validation is required to ensure linguistic accuracy, conceptual equivalence, cultural relevance, and measurement reliability for Arabic-speaking athletes. HYPOTHESES: The study hypothesizes that the Arabic version of the KJOC shoulder and elbow score will demonstrate strong validity and reliability as an assessment tool for evaluating upper extremity function in symptomatic Arabic-speaking overhead athletes. RESEARCH QUESTION: Is the adapted Arabic version of the KJOC Shoulder and Elbow score valid and reliable for assessing upper extremity function in Egyptian symptomatic overhead athletes?
Key Details
Gender
All
Age Range
18 Years - 45 Years
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
100
Start Date
2026-06-01
Completion Date
2026-07-01
Last Updated
2026-07-27
Healthy Volunteers
No
Conditions
Interventions
Questionnaire and Physical Exam
This study will use a Descriptive, Methodological Design (Cross-Cultural Adaptation). Description of Research Methodology: The study will follow standard international guidelines for cross-cultural adaptation (e.g., Beaton et al.). PHASE 1: CROSS-CULTURAL ADAPTATION The process includes five stages: 1\) translation, 2) synthesis of translations, 3) back-translation to the original language, 4) committee analysis, and 5) pre-testing. Forward Translation: Two independent translators (one medical, one naive) translate English to Arabic. Synthesis: Merging translations into one Arabic version. Backward Translation: Translating the Arabic version back to English by two native translators. Expert Committee Review: Reviewing all reports to reach a pre-final version. Pre-testing (Cognitive Debriefing): Testing the pre-final version on a pilot sample of athletes to ensure clarity and cultural relevance. PHASE 2: VALIDATION AND RELIABILITY TESTING By comparing the KJOC-Arabic's concurrent valid
Locations (1)
Cairo University
Cairo, Egypt