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Screen Time and Language Development in Toddlers Assessed With the Bayley-4
Sponsor: Kayseri City Hospital
Summary
This cross-sectional study investigated whether caregiver-reported daily screen time is associated with language development in toddlers aged 12 to 42 months, measured with the Bayley-4. Receptive language was the primary outcome; expressive language, cognitive, and motor scaled scores were secondary. The study was conducted at the pediatric outpatient clinics of a tertiary care city hospital in Türkiye.
Official title: Screen Time Exposure and Language Development in Children Aged 12-42 Months: A Cross-Sectional Study Employing the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development
Key Details
Gender
All
Age Range
12 Months - 42 Months
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
153
Start Date
2025-08-05
Completion Date
2026-05-01
Last Updated
2026-07-28
Healthy Volunteers
Yes
Interventions
Daily Screen Media Exposure
Caregiver-reported total daily screen media exposure recorded on a four-level ordinal scale (0-30, 30-60, 60-120, and more than 120 minutes per day) using a structured questionnaire administered at the study visit. No exposure was assigned, allocated, or manipulated by the investigators. Applies to Cohorts 1-4.
Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Fourth Edition (Bayley-4)
A single standardized developmental assessment administered to each participant by one certified child development specialist in a dedicated, distraction-free examination room with the caregiver present, per Bayley-4 protocol. Mean administration time was 60-90 minutes. Receptive Communication, Expressive Communication, Cognitive, Fine Motor, and Gross Motor scaled scores were recorded. Applies to Cohorts 1-4.
Locations (1)
Kayseri City Hospital, Pediatric Outpatient Clinics
Kayseri, Turkey (Türkiye)