Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Age ≥18 years. * History of unilateral primary anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. * Between 3 and 24 months after ACL reconstruction at the time of assessment. * Regular participation in sports before ACL injury with a preinjury Tegner Activity Scale score of ≥4. * Ability to read and understand Turkish and independently complete the study questionnaires. * Willingness to participate in the study. * Provision of written informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: * Revision ACL reconstruction. * Reinjury or graft rupture of the reconstructed ACL. * Bilateral ACL injury. * History of ACL reconstruction in the contralateral knee. * Concomitant major ligament, cartilage, bone, or extensor mechanism surgery that is expected to substantially affect rehabilitation, weight-bearing status, return-to-sport timing, or knee function following primary ACL reconstruction. * Other lower-extremity injuries or surgical conditions unrelated to ACL reconstruction that limit sports participation at the time of assessment. * Neurological, rheumatologic, cardiopulmonary, or other severe systemic diseases that substantially limit sports participation. * Cognitive, psychiatric, or communication disorders that preclude reliable completion of the study questionnaires.