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ABO/Rh Blood Group Phenotypes as Predictor of Treatment Outcomes in Diabetic Kidney Disease
Sponsor: Cairo University
Summary
Background and aim: ABO blood groups are biologically plausible modulators of endothelial function, coagulation, and inflammation - pathways central to diabetic kidney disease (DKD). This study evaluates whether ABO/Rh phenotypes associate with differential treatment outcomes in DKD. Methods: This 1-year prospective cohort study enrolled 161 adults with type 2 diabetes and established DKD (all receiving ACE-I/ARB plus SGLT2 inhibitors) from Cairo University outpatient clinics. eGFR, ACR, HbA1c, lipids, electrolytes, and blood pressure were assessed at baseline and one year. Percent changes in eGFR and ACR were calculated and the Kidney Failure Risk Equation estimated 2- and 5-year risk of progressing to end stage kidney disease. Multivariable linear regression identified independent predictors of renal outcome changes.
Official title: ABO/Rh Blood Group Phenotypes as Independent Predictor of Treatment Outcomes in Diabetic Kidney Disease: A 1-Year Prospective Cohort Study
Key Details
Gender
All
Age Range
18 Years - Any
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
161
Start Date
2024-05-01
Completion Date
2026-02-28
Last Updated
2026-08-11
Healthy Volunteers
No
Conditions
Interventions
Laboratory measurements: eGFR, ACR, HbA1c, total cholesterol, triglycerides, sodium, potassium
Random mid stream spot urine samples were collected in sterile containers, and albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) was measured using the Roche Cobas chemistry analyzer. Albuminuria was categorized according to Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria as A1 (\<30 mg/g), A2 (30-300 mg/g), and A3 (\>300 mg/g) . The Kidney Failure Risk Equation (KFRE) was applied to estimate the predicted 2 year and 5 year risk of progression to end stage renal disease using baseline eGFR and ACR values . Percent change in both eGFR and ACR was calculated using the formula: ((Post - Pre) / Pre) × 100 . Significant (accelerated) DKD progression was defined as a ≥25% sustained decline in eGFR over 12 months or an annual loss of ≥15 mL/min/1.73 m² , while rapid eGFR decline was defined as a reduction \>5 mL/min/1.73 m² per year; end stage renal disease was defined as eGFR \<15 mL/min/1.73 m² or initiation of dialysis therapy . Albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) response was c
Locations (1)
Faculty of medicine
Cairo, KasrAlainy, Egypt