Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Males aged 18-70 years with good communication and compliance. 2. Able to follow clinical Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) and complete two-stage nocturnal monitoring and clinic-induced tests. 3. Fully informed about the study and signed the informed consent form. 4. For ED Group: Clinically diagnosed with erectile dysfunction with an IIEF-5 score \< 21. 5. For Healthy Group: Normal erectile function, no history of related physiological diseases or sexual psychological disorders, with an IIEF-5 score ≥ 21. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Systemic diseases: Severe cardiovascular disease (e.g., recent myocardial infarction, unstable angina), uncontrolled severe diabetes, or severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. 2. Local anatomical factors: Severe penile malformation, spinal cord injury, or organic structural damage caused by pelvic fracture; or major surgery within the last six months. 3. Skin and allergy factors: Active infection or eczema in the penile area, or known allergy to flexible materials (medical-grade silicone/adhesives). 4. Mental and psychological factors: Untreated or unstable severe depression, anxiety, or other mental disorders. 5. Medication interference: Current use of PDE5 inhibitors, androgens, anti-androgens, or drugs that significantly interfere with REM sleep structure. 6. Other factors: Currently participating in other interventional clinical trials, or judged by researchers to have poor compliance.