Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * • Group I: 30 patients with different classes of Lupus Nephritis. These cases are biopsy proven LN. Histological diagnosis of LN is according to the revised International Society of Nephrology/ Renal Pathology Society (ISN/RPS) classification and modified National Institute of Health (NIH) activity and chronicity indices (Bajema et al 2018) . * Biopsy-proven lupus nephritis at the time of uromodulin blood sampling. * Group II: 10 patients with active SLE without renal involvement and with SLEDAI score ≥6 * Group III: 10 patients with non-active SLE with SLEDAI score \<6 * Group IV: 30 patients with primary forms of non-lupus Glomerulonephritis * Group V: 10 healthy control subjects * All cases are adults ≥18 years. * Diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus according to the 2019 EULAR/ACR Classification Criteria (Ref).Exclusion Criteria: * • .Pregnancy or lactation * AKI secondary to pre renal OR post renal cause (from clinical history and imaging). * End-stage renal disease requiring dialysis * Active infection or sepsis * Active malignancy (either under treatment or within 5 years of successful treatment) * History of renal transplantation * Heart failure with NYHA III and IV * Hhistory of other autoimmune diseases or diabetes mellitus