Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Aged ≥18 years, both male and female. 2. Clinically diagnosed with Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) and progressed to compensated advanced chronic liver disease (cACLD) according to the 2024 Chinese Guidelines for the Management of Metabolic-Associated (Non-Alcoholic) Fatty Liver Disease. cACLD is defined as baseline liver stiffness measurement (LSM1) ≥10 kPa based on the Baveno-VII consensus. 3. At least two valid LSM measurements during follow-up, with an interval of no less than 12 months between the two measurements. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Co-existing other chronic liver diseases, including viral hepatitis, drug-induced liver injury, autoimmune liver disease, etc. 2. Weekly alcohol intake ≥210 g for men or ≥140 g for women. 3. Occurrence of liver-related endpoint events within 6 months before or after obtaining the LSMC value. 4. Hepatectomy or liver transplantation performed within 6 months before or after obtaining the LSMC value. 5. Malignant neoplasm diagnosed within 6 months before or after obtaining the LSMC value. 6. Presence of vascular liver disease, cystic fibrosis-related liver disease, sarcoidosis, polycystic liver disease, congenital or rare inherited liver disease, mechanical cholestasis, secondary sclerosing cholangitis, or heart failure complicated by hepatic venous congestion. 7. History of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS). 8. Acute hepatitis (alanine aminotransferase \>5-fold upper limit of normal) or acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) occurring at the time of LSM1 or LSMC measurement. 9. Missing value of either LSM1 or LSMC. 10. Any other conditions judged by investigators to be inappropriate for study participation.