Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Age 18-75 years (inclusive), any gender. * Diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinson's disease according to the Chinese diagnostic criteria for Parkinson's disease (2016 edition). * Hoehn and Yahr stage 2-4 (inclusive) during the "off" state. * Documented response to levodopa (\>33% improvement), with a stable anti-parkinsonian medication regimen for at least 4 weeks prior to screening, and no dose adjustments during the study. * Voluntary signed informed consent, and ability to understand and comply with the study protocol to complete the study. * No significant cognitive impairment (Montreal Cognitive Assessment \[MoCA\] score ≥21). Exclusion Criteria: Inability or unwillingness to comply with the study protocol and/or inability to provide written informed consent; Presence of a significant medical condition that may interfere with study procedures or confound the assessment of study endpoints; Presence of a severe psychiatric disorder that may affect the participant's ability to comply with the study protocol; A history of psychiatric disorders or current severe depression or anxiety; Presence of metallic implants in the brain; Known pregnancy or current breastfeeding; Severe neurological disorders, such as a brain tumor; Severe cardiac disease, including the presence of an implanted cardiac pacemaker; Scalp lesions, inflammation, infection, active bleeding, or an increased bleeding tendency; Any other current medical condition for which the use of transcranial electrical stimulation may pose an unacceptable risk; A history of epilepsy or structural brain lesions, including severe cerebral atrophy or cerebrovascular disease; Inability to undergo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), such as because of claustrophobia or implanted metallic devices; Inability to cooperate with or complete the required assessments; or any other condition that, in the investigator's judgment, makes the individual unsuitable for participation in the study.