Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Age ≥ 18 years, both male and female participants are eligible. * Diagnosis of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and scheduled for catheter radiofrequency ablation. * The subject or their legal guardian is capable of understanding the study purpose, voluntarily agrees to participate by providing written informed consent, and is willing to complete the follow-up as required by the protocol. Exclusion Criteria: * Patients with severe heart failure (NYHA Class IV). * Patients with myocardial infarction or unstable angina within 1 month prior to enrollment. * Presence of active bleeding, or uncorrected coagulation abnormalities (platelet count \<50×10⁹/L or APTT \>2 times the upper limit of normal). * Leukopenia (WBC \<3×10⁹/L) or acute anemia (Hb \<90 g/L). * Hepatic insufficiency (ALT or AST \>3 times the upper limit of normal). * Renal insufficiency (serum creatinine ≥3.5 mg/dL), or patients requiring dialysis. * Presence of intracardiac thrombus, tumor, or vegetation. * Severe structural heart disease deemed by the investigator as potentially interfering with the procedure (e.g., severe mitral, tricuspid, or aortic valve deformity, tetralogy of Fallot, transposition of the great arteries, etc.). * Absence of the inferior vena cava, or presence of thrombus, severe stenotic/occlusive lesions in the interventional access route. * Hemodynamically unstable patients or those in critical condition requiring emergency surgery. * Presence or suspicion of infective endocarditis or systemic active infection. * Participation in another clinical trial within 3 months prior to enrollment, or current participation in another drug/device clinical trial without having reached the primary endpoint. * Pregnant or lactating women, individuals planning pregnancy within 1 year, or those unwilling to use effective contraception. * Any other condition considered by the investigator as unsuitable for participation.