Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Histologically or cytologically confirmed hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), or patients who meet the clinical diagnostic criteria for primary liver cancer; 2. Age ≥18 years at the time of HCC diagnosis; 3. Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage C; 4. No prior systemic therapy for HCC (including chemotherapy, molecular targeted therapy, or immunotherapy); 5. Received treatment with tislelizumab and lenvatinib, with the interval between the first administration of the two drugs ≤1 week; 6. In the experimental group, TACE was performed within 3 months before or after treatment with tislelizumab and lenvatinib; 7. After TACE, patients received at least one cycle of combination therapy with tislelizumab and lenvatinib, including cTACE and DEB-TACE; 8. Child-Pugh class A5 to B7; 9. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG PS) score of 0-1; 10. At least one measurable intrahepatic lesion according to RECIST 1.1 criteria. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Known fibrolamellar HCC, sarcomatoid HCC, or combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma histological types; 2. Complete obstruction of the main portal vein with insufficient collateral compensation; 3. Uncontrollable ascites or hepatic encephalopathy; 4. Incomplete clinical data or missing essential information; 5. Presence of other primary malignant tumors in addition to the diagnosis of liver cancer; 6. Participation in other interventional studies prior to treatment; 7. Other conditions deemed unsuitable for inclusion by the investigators.