Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Adult patients of either gender between the ages of 18 and 65. * According to operational standards, chronic kidney disease was diagnosed in stages 3 to 5. * Hyperuricemia at baseline as per operational definition. * Clinically stable chronic kidney disease without acute deterioration within the preceding 4 weeks. * Not receiving febuxostat or allopurinol within the preceding 4 weeks, or suitable for protocol-defined washout if applicable. Exclusion Criteria: Exclusion criteria * Acute kidney injury or recent rapidly progressive decline in kidney function within the last 4 weeks. * Maintenance hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis, or planned initiation of renal replacement therapy within the next 8 weeks. * History of kidney transplantation. * Known hypersensitivity or prior severe adverse reaction to allopurinol or febuxostat, including suspected allopurinol hypersensitivity syndrome. * Severe hepatic impairment or baseline alanine aminotransferase or aspartate aminotransferase more than 3 times the upper limit of normal. * Active symptomatic gout flare at enrollment requiring immediate anti-inflammatory escalation that would confound urate assessment. * Use of other urate-lowering therapies within the last 4 weeks, such as probenecid, benzbromarone, pegloticase, rasburicase, or high-dose uricosurics. * Current chemotherapy, active malignancy with anticipated short-term clinical instability, or conditions associated with marked urate overproduction that require specialized management. * Uncontrolled heart failure or recent major cardiovascular event within the last 3 months, if local protocol mandates cardiovascular risk restriction for febuxostat initiation.