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Segmented Indirect Versus Direct Bracket Bonding
Sponsor: Riyadh Elm University
Summary
This randomized clinical trial compared two methods of attaching orthodontic brackets to teeth: conventional direct bonding, in which each bracket is placed and bonded individually in the mouth, and a segmented modified indirect bonding technique, in which brackets are first positioned on a plaster model of the patient's teeth and then transferred to the mouth in segments using a hot-glue transfer tray. The purpose was to find out whether the two techniques differ in how often brackets come loose (bond failure) during treatment. Eighteen patients receiving fixed orthodontic appliances at Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, were randomly assigned so that their brackets were placed by either the direct or the modified indirect technique. The same bracket type and adhesive were used in both groups. Patients were examined every four weeks for six months, and any bracket that debonded was recorded along with the tooth involved, the arch (upper or lower), the side (right or left), and the time from bonding to failure. The main outcome was the time from bonding to bracket failure; the investigators also compared failure rates and examined whether failure varied by tooth type, arch, or side.
Official title: Bond Failure of a Segmented Modified Indirect Bonding Technique Versus Direct Bonding: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Key Details
Gender
All
Age Range
Any - Any
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Enrollment
18
Start Date
2020-11-22
Completion Date
2021-10-19
Last Updated
2026-10-06
Healthy Volunteers
Yes
Conditions
Interventions
Direct bonding
Orthodontic brackets bonded individually onto each tooth intraorally. Teeth were pumiced, etched with 37% phosphoric acid (Meta Etchant, Meta Biomed), rinsed thoroughly, and excess water was removed; Ortho Solo Universal Sealant and Bond Enhancer (Ormco) was applied to the teeth, and each bracket was seated with Enlight light-cured adhesive (Ormco) along the tooth's long axis, vertical height, and mesiodistal midline, then light-cured for 20 seconds occlusally and 20 seconds gingivally. The same bracket type and adhesive system were used as in the experimental arm.
Segmented modified indirect bonding
Orthodontic brackets positioned on a dental stone cast in their planned locations and transferred to the teeth using segmented hot-glue (thermal-glue) transfer trays, fabricated separately for molar, premolar-canine, and lateral and central incisor segments in each quadrant. Teeth were pumiced, etched with 37% phosphoric acid (Meta Etchant, Meta Biomed), rinsed thoroughly, and excess water was removed; Ortho Solo Universal Sealant and Bond Enhancer (Ormco) was applied to the etched teeth and Enlight light-cured adhesive (Ormco) to the bracket bases before tray insertion; the tray was then seated, light-cured for 20 seconds, and removed. The same bracket type and adhesive system were used as in the comparator arm.
Locations (1)
Riyadh Elm university
Riyadh, Riyadh Region, Saudi Arabia