Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Adults aged ≥18 years. Confirmed diagnosis of sickle cell disease. Patients attending or admitted to the Internal Medicine Department during the study period. Willingness to participate and provide informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: * Patients younger than 18 years. Acute infection or sepsis Autoimmune or chronic inflammatory diseases. Malignancy End-stage renal disease on dialysis. Chronic liver disease Blood transfusion within the preceding four weeks Recent surgery or trauma (within the preceding four weeks. Refusal to participate.