Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Eligible participants were sedentary women aged 19-65 years with overweight or obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m²) who had received a physician diagnosis of dyslipidemia but were not taking lipid-lowering medication, and who volunteered to take part. Exclusion Criteria: * Pregnancy or lactation * Shift work * smoking * excessive alcohol consumption * a major adverse cardiovascular event in the previous year (acute coronary syndrome, percutaneous coronary interven-tion, coronary artery bypass grafting, hospitalization for congestive heart failure, stroke or transient ischemic attack) * uncontrolled arrhythmia * diabetes mellitus or reactive hypo-glycemia * congenital or immunological disease * acute pancreatitis, cirrhosis or malignancy * a diagnosed eating disorder * stage 4 or 5 chronic kidney disease or dialysis treatment * any concurrent medical nutrition therapy prescribed for another indication (e.g., celiac disease) * previous bariatric surgery * thyroid disease requiring dose titration of replacement therapy within the previous three months (stable replacement therapy for hypothyroidism was not an exclusion criterion) * a major psychiatric disorder.