Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria * Healthy male or female adults aged 18-45 years * BMI between 18.5 and 30 kg/m² * Low-active or recreationally active/untrained individuals, defined as not participating in structured endurance or resistance training * Able and willing to complete maximal or incremental indoor cycling-based exercise testing * Willing to maintain usual diet, physical activity habits, and supplement routines throughout the study * Able to provide written informed consent Exclusion Criteria * History or presence of cardiovascular disease or other chronic disease that could affect study participation * Existing musculoskeletal injury or inflammatory condition that could interfere with exercise testing * Use of prescription medications or other agents that may affect cardiovascular function, metabolic function, inflammation, or exercise performance Pregnancy * Any condition that, in the investigator's opinion, would preclude safe participation in maximal exercise testing