Clinical Research Directory

Rebound Pain Following Regional Anaesthesia for Ankle Fracture Surgery

Regional anaesthesia is a commonly used and effective analgesic modality in orthopaedic surgery. The benefits of peripheral nerve blocks (PNB) include better pain relief, limited opioid consumption and high patient satisfaction(1-3). Following ankle fracture surgery, rebound pain has been reported. The rebound effect was demonstrated in a randomised control trial comparing pain after ankle fracture repair under general anaesthesia with or without PNB(4). An increase in pain scores was demonstrated after PNB resolution exceeding that of the group without PNB. Prospective research from Cork University Hospital (CUH) in recent years has identified rebound pain as a clinically significant issue. 2018 CUH data have demonstrated that pain following ankle fracture surgery is well managed by PNB, with no reported pain until block regression(5). Upon block regression (12-18 hours postoperatively), the median pain score was 8 out of 10 on the numerical rating scale. Median peak pain score across all patients in the first 24 hours after block administration was 7.5. Acute postoperative pain is an important problem due to negative patient consequences which include: increased morbidity; impaired physical function; prolonged hospital stay; and persistent pain. Studies to evaluate solutions to rebound pain are lacking. Favourable outcomes may be obtained with either continuous PNB(6) and timed systemic analgesics. Formal evaluation of such bespoke analgesic pathways is required. The investigators aim to establish an evidence-based strategy to prevent rebound pain. On a patient level, this would reduce the patient's experience of severe acute postoperative pain. This would improve a myriad of short- and long- term patient factors including; patient experience, opioid requirement, mobility, length of stay, chronic pain(7, 8). Rebound pain has additionally been reported following upper limb surgery(9). The knowledge generated by this study also has the potential to impact the postoperative analgesic management of upper limb fracture surgeries. This study aims to answer an original research question which has not been addressed in the literature to-date.

Correlation Between Intraoperative Tourniquet Use and Limb pH, Functional Measures and Patient-reported Outcomes After Ankle Fracture Surgery

This study aims to 1) characterize skeletal muscle pH during/after tourniquet use and 2) investigate any relationship between intraoperative tourniquet use and postoperative functional measures and patient-reported outcomes.