Clinical Research Directory

Evaluation of Catching Skills in Preschoolers With Motor Difficulties

This research project investigates the development of predictive and online motor control in preschool-aged boys with typical development and those with motor difficulties, specifically children at risk for Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). The study is being conducted as part of a doctoral dissertation at the Faculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University in Brno, in cooperation with the integration and rehabilitation center Lentilka in Pardubice. The aim of the study is to assess how children plan, initiate, and adjust their movements in response to a dynamic, time-sensitive task-catching a horizontally moving object (pendulum) under two different time constraints. By comparing performance between typically developing children and those identified as being at risk for motor difficulties, the study aims to improve our understanding of motor control development and support the creation of more effective diagnostic and educational strategies. Participants in this study will be preschool boys from two age groups: 4.6 to 5.0 years and 6.5 to 7.0 years. Each age group will include 10 children with typical motor development and 10 children with motor difficulties, defined as scoring below the 16th percentile on the Movement Assessment Battery for Children - Second Edition (MABC-2). In total, the study aims to recruit 40 participants. Children with intellectual disabilities, autism spectrum disorder, uncorrected visual impairments, hearing loss, psychiatric or neurological conditions, or significant behavioral or orthopedic problems will be excluded from participation. Each child will complete two parts of the study protocol. The first involves a standardized motor assessment using the MABC-2, which evaluates both fine and gross motor skills, including tasks such as threading beads, catching, and balance activities. The second part is an experimental task requiring interception of a swinging foam ring attached to a horizontal pendulum. The children will attempt to stop the pendulum at a precise moment under two time conditions: either on its first pass through the target zone (approximately 0.750 seconds after release) or on its second pass (approximately 1.5 seconds after release). The task will be performed using both the dominant and non-dominant hand, with multiple repetitions in each condition. During the experiment, children will stand on a pressure-sensitive mat (CONFORMat® Tekscan), which records shifts in their center of pressure (COP). Upper limb movement will be captured using reflective markers placed on anatomical landmarks (shoulder, elbow, wrist, and hand), and recorded by four video cameras (two sagittal, two frontal). Movement data will be analyzed using Dartfish software. The study will focus on several key outcome measures: anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) based on COP movement prior to arm motion, spatial accuracy of the stopping movement (angular deviation), trajectory and velocity of COP displacement, timing of movement initiation based on radial styloid marker velocity, joint angles and segmental velocity, and overall smoothness of upper limb motion. All data and recordings will be pseudonymized, securely stored, and used exclusively for research purposes. Recordings will be deleted upon project completion. This study aims to clarify the developmental trajectory of anticipatory and online motor control strategies in early childhood and to distinguish between typical and atypical motor patterns. The findings are expected to contribute to early screening practices and the development of targeted educational and therapeutic interventions for children with motor coordination difficulties. Ethical approval for the study has been granted by the Research Ethics Committee of Masaryk University. Participation is voluntary, and parents will receive individualized feedback on their child's motor performance after assessment.

Movement Strategies During Balance Tasks in Children With and Without Developmental Coordination Disorder

The main objective of the study is to gain insights in how children learn a balance task and whether there is a difference between children with and without Developmental Coordination Disorder. Furthermore, the investigators are interested in the brain activity of these children while learning this new balance task.

Association Between Motor Skills and Sensory Profiles in Children With Typical and Atypical Development Aged 4 to 11 Years

Background and Justification Childhood developmental disorders, such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD), pose significant challenges for children and their families. These disorders impact children's growth and learning, leading to difficulties in key areas such as language, communication, behavior, social interaction, and motor skills. Research in this area is limited, particularly regarding fine and gross motor skills in relation to sensory processing in children with these diagnoses. Hypothesis and Objectives There is an association between motor skills and sensory processing in children aged 4 to 11 years, depending on whether they have typical or atypical neurodevelopment, such as ASD, ADHD, and DCD. Main Objective: To evaluate the association between motor skills and sensory processing in children aged 4 to 11 years with either typical or atypical neurodevelopment (e.g., ASD, ADHD, and DCD). Secondary Objectives: To describe and compare motor skills among children aged 4 to 11 years with typical or atypical neurodevelopment, such as ASD, ADHD, and DCD. To describe and compare sensory processing among children aged 4 to 11 years with typical or atypical neurodevelopment, such as ASD, ADHD, and DCD. Methodology The study is a cross-sectional observational case-control study. Participants are users of the Child Development and Early Intervention Center (CDIAP) Tris Tras, Neuro Xics, or Criv in Vic. The sample will include 30 children as controls (typical neurodevelopment) and 10 children as cases (atypical neurodevelopment: ASD, ADHD, DCD). Children will be assessed using the Infant Motor Profile (IMP) to measure motor development and the Short Sensory Profile-2 (SSP-2) to evaluate sensory processing. Statistical Analysis Quantitative variables will be described using means and standard deviations, while categorical variables will be presented as frequencies and percentages. Statistical tests such as the Student's t-test will be used to compare means between two groups, ANOVA for comparisons among more than two groups, and the Chi-square test to analyze associations between categorical variables. Expected Results The study is expected to provide essential insights into the differences in motor development between children with typical and atypical neurodevelopment, as well as the relationship between biological and external factors and these differences. These findings could help improve clinical and educational interventions for these children by tailoring them to their specific needs, thereby enhancing their overall well-being and development. Ethical Considerations The study protocol will be submitted to the Research Ethics Committee (CER) of UVic-UCC, adhering to good clinical practice guidelines in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Participants will be assigned a code to ensure data pseudonymization, with data securely stored on the Microsoft 365 server of UVic-UCC. Participants will have the right to withdraw from the study at any time, and personal data will be deleted once the study is completed. Researchers will ensure confidentiality as dictated by Organic Law 3/2018 of December 5 on the Protection of Personal Data and Guarantee of Digital Rights, Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of April 27, 2016, on data protection, and complementary regulations, as well as Organic Law 1/1982 of May 5 on the right to honor, personal and family privacy, and self-image.