Clinical Research Directory

INterest of the Negative Predictive Value of Integrons in the reduCtion of Large Broad-spectrum anTibiotics Consumption for Urinary Tract infectionS

Urinary tract infections (UTI), mainly driven by Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) are a frequent cause of hospitalization and the second cause of antibiotic prescription after lower respiratory tract infections. Integrons play a major role in the dissemination of antibiotic resistance among GNB. In the prospective INVICTUS project, whose ultimate objective is to reduce the use of large broad-spectrum antibiotics, our hypothesis is that, in adult patients with a non-severe UTI (qSOFA\<2) and a former documentation with a 3GC-resistant GNB in the previous 6 months, integrons search could reduce the empirical use of large broad-spectrum antibiotics.

Impacts of HIV Treatment Regimens on Archived Drug Resistance

The study aims to determine the prevalence of drug resistance mutation (DRM) in virally suppressed HIV infection, and the impacts of regimen change and the presence of low level viremia. Adults living with HIV infection on antiretroviral therapy (ART) with full viral suppression would be recruited. Cases are patients planning for regimen switch, while controls are those with and without low level viraemia (LLV) not planned for switch. Blood samples would be collected before and after switch. Sequencing would be performed to identify DRM present in HIV-1 proviral DNA.

Longitudinal FolloW-up of Antimicrobial Resistance From Perinatal Acquisition (LWAPA): A SHARE Study ASSESSING AND PREVENTING Antimicrobial Resistance in the Perinatal Period

In 2022, in collaboration between the Botswana Ministry of Health (MOH), the U.S. Centers for Disease Control \&amp; Prevention, and the Botswana-UPenn Partnership (BUP), a program was launched called, "Surveillance of Healthcare-associated infections \&amp; Antimicrobial Resistance", or "SHARE". The aims of SHARE are to 1) enhance laboratory capacity to detect emerging AMR patterns; 2) strengthen hospital epidemiology programs, leveraging data to prevent, detect, and contain emerging AMR threats; 3) deploy study teams to answer critical public health surveillance questions, and 4) to build a national network of hospital infection prevention and control (IPC) resources to prevent, detect, and contain emerging infectious disease threats.