Clinical Research Directory

Food Menu Labelling Effects on Individuals With Eating Disorders and Other Mental Health Conditions.

Calorie labelling in out-of-home (OOH) settings was introduced by the government in England as part of a wider strategy to 'tackle obesity' (DHSC, 2020). The OOH sector encompasses outlets where food and drinks are prepared for immediate consumption, on or off the premises (DHSC, 2021). Increased consumption of OOH food is associated with greater intake of energy and nutrients of concern; therefore, is implicated in poorer dietary quality and ill-health (Gesteiro et al., 2022). The key ambition for the calorie labelling policy was to inform consumers of the calorie content of their food choices, making it easier to select healthier food choices (DHSC, 2020). An additional potential benefit of the policy was to prompt reformulation by the food industry to either reduce the calorie content of foods on offer or provide new lower calorie options (DHSC, 2021). The calorie labelling policy in England was criticised at the time of implementation in the media for its potential to cause harm in individuals with eating disorders (Polden et al., 2023). However, limited research had explored effects on individuals with eating disorders (Robinson et al., 2023). It is estimated that over a million individuals in the UK are living with an eating disorder (Beat Eating disorders, 2026). Therefore, it is important for research to understand the impact of food labelling interventions on mental health outcomes in individuals with eating disorders and other mental health conditions, and whether alternative nutritional labelling practices that are not focused on calories alone could have positive health impacts without unintended negative consequences. One alternative form of nutritional labelling that could be considered in OOH settings is Nutri-score. Nutri-score provides food items with a label from A (dark green, healthiest) to E (Red, least healthy) according to the content of both positive (e.g. fibre, protein) and negative (e.g. saturated fat, salt, sugar) nutrients. Nutri-score has been implemented as a front-of-pack label in several countries across Europe, with positive impacts on the healthiness of food purchasing in supermarkets (Andreani et al., 2025). Two studies have assessed Nutri-score in OOH settings, also finding associations between Nutri-score and healthier food choices (Chandon \& Indaburu, 2026; Julia et al., 2021). However, Nutri-score on food menus has not previously been examined in terms of the potential impact on individuals with eating disorders and other mental health outcomes. Nutri-score encompasses the nutritional quality of a food product, by accounting for both positive and negative components. This may be less harmful to individuals with eating disorders as it would remove the focus on calorie content. Previous qualitative research has shown that individuals with eating disorders may support labelling strategies that provide more holistic approaches to nutrition (Trompeter et al., 2026). It could also be of benefit to general population health to focus on helping individuals to consume a well-rounded diet higher in positive nutrients (fibre, protein), with high fruit, vegetable and nut content, and lower in negative nutrients that contribute to ill health (salt, sugar, fats). To date, limited research has compared Calorie labelling to Nutri-score in the general population or among those living with mental health conditions, like eating disorders. OBJECTIVES This new study will explore the impact of Nutri-score labelling vs Calorie labelling vs no labelling (Control) in a simulated OOH food delivery ordering platform (common setting for food purchasing and calorie labelling is required by law in England) on participants' perceived effectiveness of nutritional labelling, healthiness of food choices, positive and negative affect, and perceived impacts on mental health. We will examine effects in a general population sample (no eating disorder diagnosis), a sample of participants with a past or current diagnosis of an eating disorder by a medical practitioner and a sample of participants with a common mental health condition diagnosed by a medical practitioner without eating disorder (e.g., anxiety), in order to understand potential effects across groups of participants who may differ in their risk of poorer mental health in response to nutritional labelling. (references in attached protocol)

Development and Testing of a Peer-Coaching Model for the Treatment of Eating Disorders

This project includes developing and testing a coaching approach during the treatment of eating disorders. It is expected that with the addition of support outside of regular treatment, caregivers will experience improvements in emotional taxation and patients will strengthen skills necessary for recovery. Twelve weeks of coaching will be incorporated into standard treatment. Randomization will occur placing participants into (1) parent coaching + patient educational materials or (2) parent educational materials + patient coaching.

Effects of Negative Affect in Individuals With Binge Eating Episodes

Binge-eating is characterized by recurrent episodes of eating large amounts of - typically high calorie - foods, eating much more rapidly than normal and until feeling uncomfortably full, as well as feeling disgusted with oneself, depressed, or guilty after those episodes. Two eating disorders are characterized by binge-eating as central diagnostic criteria, binge-eating disorder (BED) and bulimia nervosa (BN). Binge-eating episodes in BN, but not BED, are typically followed by compensatory mechanisms such as self-induced vomiting, and BED is typically associated with obesity, while BN is not. Behavior studies such as ecological momentary assessment (EMA) research of affect in an individual's naturalistic environment have shown that negative affect and negative urgency (the tendency to act rashly when distressed) often precede binge-eating. The Investigators want to answer the following questions: Can negative affect in BN and BED be linked to 1) altered dopamine related brain reinforcement learning, 2) to food value computation and cognitive control circuit function, and 3) can dopamine related brain activation predict eating and negative affect, indicating a brain based neurobiological vulnerability. Answering those questions will help to define binge-eating based on regulation of brain reward, cognition, and emotion circuit function and point toward potential psychopharmacological interventions to normalize brain function and behavior.

Brain Function in Adolescent Eating Disorders and Healthy Peers

This study of adolescent eating disorders (ED) will examine the association of temperament-based classifications, brain activation during incentive processing, and ED symptoms at time of scan and 1 year later to better understand the neurobiology and symptoms of ED. We will recruit 150 females currently ill with an ED and 50 controls ages 14-17 to investigate how temperaments reflecting greater inhibition, impulsivity, or effortful control correspond to 1) clinical symptoms and 2) the brain's response to anticipation and outcome of salient stimuli, and 3) by collecting follow-up clinical data one year later, identify how temperament-based subtypes predict ED symptom change (e.g., clinical prediction). Data collection will rely on a technology called functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).

Study on the Effectiveness of Journaling as an add-on to Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

The aim of the present study is to examine the effects of keeping a therapy journal (journaling) on the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Homework assignments are a fundamental component of behavioral therapies. In line with the learning theory foundation of behavioral therapies, various types of homework are used to facilitate learning processes between therapy sessions and to enable patients to make progress. One way to enhance individual goal setting and reflection in patients is through the use of "therapy journals." The goal of the planned project is to evaluate the effectiveness of goal-oriented journal writing as an additional element in cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). To do this, psychotherapy patients will be randomly assigned to two treatment groups: CBT vs. CBT + Journaling. Patients will be block-randomized until 40 patients have completed the study in each treatment arm (at least 10 completed sessions).

Outcomes of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) Interventions Provided by Unlicensed Professionals

To examine the effectiveness and clinical care outcomes of cognitive-behavioral therapy interventions at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH).

Co-Feedback Action of Growth Hormone, PP and PYY on Ghrelin in Bulimia

This study evaluates the addition of Acipimox or placebo to exercise on growth hormone release and ghrelin secretion in bulimic patients and in healthy women. Two groups of participants will receive Acipimox together with exercise versus identical placebo with exercise.