Clinical Research Directory

Gamification in Stoma Care Education for Nursing Students

his study aims to determine the effect of a gamification-based educational method on nursing students' learning of stoma care. The research will be conducted as a pretest-posttest, parallel-group randomized controlled experimental study. This research will be prepared under the guidance of the Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials (SPIRIT) protocol, and the reporting of the randomized controlled study will be carried out under the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT). Participants will consist of fourth-year nursing students who voluntarily agree to participate in the study. After obtaining informed consent, participants will complete a descriptive characteristics form and the Stoma Care Knowledge Test. Randomization will be performed based on baseline knowledge levels, and participants will be assigned to experimental and control groups. Students' knowledge levels will be assessed using the "Stoma Care Knowledge Test," and their skills will be evaluated using a "Skills Checklist." Following baseline knowledge and skill assessment, the experimental group will receive gamified stoma care education, while the control group will receive standard education. The gamification intervention is designed based on the Werbach D6 Model and aims to enhance students' knowledge and skills in stoma care. Post-intervention knowledge and skill assessments will be conducted one week after the training. In addition, follow-up measurements will be performed four weeks later to evaluate the retention of knowledge and skills.

Using a Conversation Game to Engage Native American Washoe Tribe Members in Advance Care Planning: Preparation for a Clinical Trial

The goal of this study is to learn if a culturally adapted version of the Hello game, an advance care planning (ACP) conversation tool, is feasible and acceptable for use with members of the Washoe Tribe. The main questions it aims to answer are: Can the Hello game be successfully adapted to reflect the cultural values, beliefs, and storytelling traditions of the Washoe Tribe? Does playing the adapted Hello game increase ACP engagement and advance directive (AD) completion among Washoe Tribe members within 3 months? Participants will: * Take part in talking circles at one of four Washoe reservations to share their beliefs, motivations, and experiences related to end-of-life care and advance care planning * Complete brief questionnaires about their ACP attitudes and behaviors * Play the culturally adapted Hello game in a group setting * Complete follow-up measures of ACP engagement and advance directive completion 3 months after playing the game

The Effect of Gamified Metaverse-Based Training on Nursing Students' Self-Efficacy and Metaverse Perception Regarding Pressure Injury Management

Introduction: Pressure ulcers are a largely preventable clinical problem that negatively impacts the quality of patient care and constitutes a significant economic burden for healthcare systems. The prevention and effective management of these ulcers are closely related to nurses' knowledge, skills, and self-efficacy levels. However, current nursing education programs show a limited number of practice-based and interactive training approaches for the prevention and management of pressure ulcers. In recent years, innovative and technology-supported training methods such as gamification and metaverse have emerged as promising approaches for improving students' knowledge and self-efficacy levels by increasing their active participation in learning processes. Aim: The aim of this research is to evaluate the effect of gamified metaverse-based training developed for nursing students on their knowledge level, academic self-efficacy, and metaverse perception regarding pressure ulcer management. Method: The research was planned as a randomized controlled experimental design. The population of the study will consist of students studying in the nursing department. The sample size was calculated using G\*Power based on PUKAT 2.0-T scores; Assuming a two-way α=0.05 and power=0.80, at least 26 participants were selected for each group, and the total sample size was planned as 60 students, taking into account possible losses. Participants will be administered a Demographic Information Form, the Pressure Ulcer Knowledge Level Assessment Tool 2.0-Updated Version (PUKAT 2.0-T), and the Nursing Students Academic Self-Efficacy Scale. Participants will be randomly assigned to intervention and control groups based on their pre-test scores. The intervention group will receive traditional classroom theoretical training and gamified metaverse-based training for two weeks, while the control group will receive traditional classroom theoretical training. Post-tests will be administered immediately after the intervention and one month later. In addition, the Metaverse Perception Scale will be administered to the intervention group. Data will be collected using the Pressure Ulcer Knowledge Assessment Tool 2.0-Updated Version (PUKAT 2.0-T), the Nursing Students Academic Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Metaverse Perception Scale for Nursing Students. Results: The obtained data will be analyzed using appropriate statistical methods. Conclusion: This research is expected to provide evidence regarding the effectiveness of innovative digital education models in nursing education and contribute to the development of educational strategies for the prevention of pressure ulcers.

The Effectiveness of Gamified Metaverse-Based Training on Patient Safety for Nursing Students

Introduction: Patient safety issues, such as medication errors, healthcare-associated infections, unsafe surgical procedures, and diagnostic errors, can negatively impact the quality of healthcare and patient outcomes due to preventable risks. There is a need for innovative, interactive educational approaches to ensure the lasting acquisition of patient safety competencies in nursing students and to strengthen their transfer to the clinical environment. Aim: This study aims to evaluate the effect of gamified metaverse-based training on patient safety competencies in nursing students and to assess student opinions regarding metaverse-based training. Method: The research will be conducted using a mixed-methods design. The quantitative phase will be an experimental design including intervention and control groups, pre-test-post-test, and a one-month follow-up (retention test). The research will be conducted between February 2026 and May 2026 with second-year students studying in the Spring semester of 2025-2026 at Başkent University Nursing Department in Ankara. According to G\*Power calculations, a minimum sample size of 52 was found; considering a possible 10% loss, the total sample size was planned as 60 students (intervention=30, control=30). All participants will take the Patient Safety Knowledge Level Test (pre-test) and the Patient Safety Competency Self-Assessment Tool before the training. This will be followed by 2 hours of traditional theoretical training on patient safety; the intervention group will also receive gamified metaverse-based training via Spatial.io for two weeks. Post-tests will be administered after the training and one month later. Data collection tools include the Demographic Information Form, the Patient Safety Knowledge Level Test, the Patient Safety Competency Self-Assessment Tool (PSCS), and focus group interviews to be conducted in the intervention group. Quantitative data will be analyzed through within-group and between-group comparisons; qualitative data will be analyzed using thematic analysis, and the findings will be interpreted holistically. Findings (Expected): Gamified metaverse-based training is expected to provide a greater increase in mean scores on the Patient Safety Knowledge Level Test (PSL) and total and sub-dimension scores (knowledge-skills-attitudes) of nursing students compared to the control group, and to support the retention of these results. Conclusion: This study is expected to generate evidence regarding the effectiveness of gamified metaverse-based training in improving patient safety competencies in nursing education and to contribute to the structuring of patient safety training in a more integrated, student-centered, and sustainable manner.

Gamified Occupational Therapy for Adolescents With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

This research aims to improve the quality of life, occupational performance, occupational satisfaction and emotional health of young people with Duchenne muscular dystrophy compared to the classical occupational therapy program. The findings are planned to shed light on the development of new and effective strategies in the rehabilitation of adolescents with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Effect of Mobile Health-Based Gamified Long-Term Interventions to Increase Physical Activity on Cardiovascular Risk Factors: Randomized Controlled Study on University Students and Employees

The increasing incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and related mortality is now recognized as a global emergency. CVD risk factors include unhealthy diet, inactivity, dyslipidemia, diabetes, high blood pressure, obesity, smoking, and family history/genetics. Increasing physical activity (PA) is recognized as an essential factor in reducing the risk of CVD. Many studies have emphasized that regular and adequate physical activity significantly reduces the risk of CVD through effects such as lowering blood pressure and cholesterol levels, supporting weight control, and improving diabetes management. Measuring steps/day is used to determine PA, and as technologies have developed, smartphones have become widely used tools. Inactivity and time constraints of modern life make it difficult for people to increase PA levels. Therefore, innovative intervention methods based on mobile health and gamification should be used to improve individuals' physical activity. Gamification is the application of game design elements such as points, badges, leaderboards, and levels in non-game environments. Gamification is increasingly being used to create change, particularly in physical activity and health behaviors. It is recommended to include resistance exercises at least 2 days a week in addition to aerobic activity to maximize health benefits. Recently, the high-intensity circuit training (HICT) program, which combines high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and circuit training (CT), requires less time, combines aerobic and resistance exercises, and uses body weight, has been developed and is used in sports. The main aim of the present study is to examine the effects of 12-week Mobile Health-Based Gamified applications on cardiovascular risk factors among university students and employees. In this direction, it is aimed to increase participants' daily steps and improve their physical activity habits. A total of 105 volunteers aged 18 to 64, including students and employees of Bursa Uludag University, will participate in the study. PACER pedometer and 7 Minute Workout HICT exercise mobile health applications will be used in the study. Subjects will be divided into five equal groups of 21 people each using the closed opaque envelope randomization method. Walking intervention (WG), gamified walking intervention (GWG), walking and exercise intervention (WEG), gamified walking and exercise intervention (GWEG), and control (CG) groups will be formed. The first four groups (WG, GWG, WEG, and GWEG) will walk every day for 12 weeks to reach the set target number of steps. In addition, volunteers in the GWEG and WEG group will exercise (HICT) for at least 15 minutes on 3 designated days per week in addition to walking. In addition, volunteers in the GWG and GWEG groups will use a gamified application. In CG, there will be no regular physical activity, and they will continue their daily lifestyle. In our study, unlike those conducted to date, the application of HICT with gradually increasing physical activity for 12 weeks to reduce CVD risk factors, and the use of gamified methods to stay in the program and ensure sustainability, emphasize its unique value. The gamified exercise program applied in this study is expected to provide an additional benefit for CVD risk factors compared with the protocols used to date.

The Effectiveness of Serious Game-Based Training for Nursing Students in Postpartum Haemorrhage Management

This randomised controlled trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness of serious game-based training for postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) management among third-year nursing students. The study employs a pre-test-post-test design with two parallel groups: an experimental group (game-based education) and a control group (traditional education). The sample size was determined by power analysis to be 70 students in total, with 35 students in each group. Participants will be assigned in a 1:1 ratio by computer-assisted block randomisation by a person independent of the research team; students and instructors will not be blinded, but the biostatistician performing the data analysis will be blinded. The intervention group will first receive traditional education, followed by gamification-based education including nursing interventions in the management of PPB; the control group will receive only traditional education. Data will be collected using the PPK Management Knowledge and Skills Assessment Form and the PPK Management Self-Confidence Scale.

Gamification-Enhanced Problem-Based Learning

The goal of this randomized controlled trial is to compare the effects of "Gamification-Enhanced Problem-Based Learning" and a lecturing approach on critical thinking disposition, metacognitive awareness and clinical competence among nursing students of enrolled nurse in higher diploma education in Hong Kong. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. What is the level of critical thinking disposition, metacognitive awareness and clinical competence of nursing students of enrolled nurse in higher diploma education in Hong Kong? 2. What is the relationship of clinical competence is related to critical thinking disposition and metacognitive awareness among nursing students of enrolled nurse in higher diploma education in HK? 3. What are the effects of "Gamification-Enhanced Problem-Based Learning" and lecturing approach on critical thinking disposition, metacognitive awareness and clinical competence among nursing students of enrolled nurse in higher diploma education in Hong Kong? Participants will receive five sessions of "Gamification-Enhanced Problem-Based Learning" for five weeks.

CreativeDrama and GamificationBased

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of a creative drama and gamification-based educational experience on children's levels of nature connectedness and recycling behaviors. With the increasing environmental problems today, instilling environmental awareness in children at an early age and helping them establish a bond with nature is of great importance for a sustainable future. In this context, creative drama stands out as an effective method in shaping environmental attitudes, as it supports children's emotional development and enhances their ability to empathize. Gamification, on the other hand, is a pedagogical strategy that increases children's active participation in learning processes and boosts their motivation. In the study, an experimental design will be used, and a group of students will participate in an educational program themed around nature and recycling, incorporating creative drama and gamification activities. At the end of the program, children's nature connectedness and recycling behaviors will be measured, and pre-test-post-test comparisons will be made. Nature connectedness is defined as an individual's perception of nature as a whole and seeing themselves as a part of that whole, and it is strongly associated with environmentally friendly behaviors. Recycling behaviors include individuals' voluntary efforts to separate and repurpose waste. This study aims to reveal how creative and interactive learning methods influence children's environmental awareness and behaviors, and it seeks to contribute to the development of environmental education programs.

Gather.Town Gaming for Pregnant Adolescents With Depression Literacy

Aim The study seeks to: 1. To assess the effect of the Gather.town gaming intervention on promoting depression literacy among pregnant adolescents in Thailand. 2. To compare the depression literacy before and after receiving the Gather.town gaming intervention in the experimental group. Methods This quasi-experimental study employed a two-group, pretest-posttest design to assess the effect of a Gather.town gaming intervention on promoting depression literacy among pregnant adolescents in Thailand. 64 first-time pregnant adolescents aged 15-19 years with gestational age under 21 weeks were recruited from three hospitals using stratified random sampling. Participants were randomly assigned to the experimental group (n = 32) or control group (n = 32). The experimental group participated in eight sessions of REBT-based interactive gaming on the Gather.town platform over four weeks (two sessions per week), while the control group received routine antenatal care and a depression literacy booklet. Quantitative data were collected at four time points (baseline, immediate post-intervention, 1-month, and 3-month follow-ups) using validated tools, including the Depression Literacy Questionnaire (D-Lit), depressive symptoms (EPDS), mental distress (BSRS-5), and platform usability (SUS). Qualitative data were gathered through focus group interviews after the intervention. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 22. Descriptive statistics summarized participant characteristics. Chi-square tests examined group differences. Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) were used to compare depression literacy scores across time points while accounting for clustering by hospital and adjusting for covariates. The significance level was set at p \< 0.05.

The Effect of a Gamified Neuropathy Management Application on Cancer Behavior in Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy

This study will be conducted to determine the effect of a gamified neuropathy management application on cancer behavior in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.

Effectiveness of Virtual Simulation Game in Teaching Venous Blood Sampling Skills to Nursing Students

The goal of this randomized controlled trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of the Virtual Simulation Game (VSG) method in teaching venous blood sampling (VBS) skills to second-year nursing students. The study aims to provide a safe, engaging, and innovative learning environment for nursing students, enabling them to improve their skills without compromising patient safety. The main questions the study seeks to answer are: Does VSG training improve nursing students' knowledge levels in VBS education? Does VSG training enhance nursing students' practical performance in VBS procedures? Does VSG training increase nursing students' satisfaction with VBS education? Does VSG training boost nursing students' confidence in performing VBS? Does VSG training enhance nursing students' comfort during VBS practice? Researchers will compare the Virtual Simulation Game (VSG) method to the standard technique. In the VSG group, students will engage with an interactive simulation game to practice VBS skills virtually before applying them in a clinical setting. In the control group, students will practice VBS skills using traditional methods in a laboratory environment. Participants' Tasks: Students in the VSG group will: Log in to the simulation platform with their credentials. Complete interactive training scenarios that mimic real-life challenges in venous blood sampling. Practice the procedure on their peers under supervision. Students in the control group will: Practice VBS directly on their peers under supervision without using simulation. After practicing, all students will be observed for 15 minutes by expert nurses for potential complications or discomfort. If needed, participants will receive medical care. This study adheres to the CONSORT guidelines for randomized controlled trials and incorporates validated instruments to measure knowledge, skill performance, satisfaction, confidence, and comfort levels among participants. The findings aim to bridge the gap in nursing education by introducing an innovative, technology-driven approach to skill training.