Clinical Research Directory

Intraperitoneal Dexamethasone Spraying on Vagal Nerve-Rich Areas for Prevention of Hoarseness After Upper Abdominal Surgery

The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate whether intraoperative spraying of dexamethasone onto the abdominal vagal nerve-rich areas can prevent postoperative hoarseness in patients undergoing elective upper abdominal surgery. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does intraoperative topical dexamethasone spraying reduce the incidence of postoperative hoarseness after upper abdominal surgery? * Does postoperative intravenous dexamethasone accelerate recovery in patients who develop hoarseness? Researchers will compare a dexamethasone group (intraoperative spraying of 10 mg dexamethasone in 10 mL normal saline) to a placebo group (intraoperative spraying of 10 mL normal saline alone) to see if dexamethasone reduces the rate of postoperative hoarseness. Participants will: * Undergo voice assessment (GRBAS scale) and voice recording before surgery and daily for 10 days after surgery. * Be randomly assigned to receive either dexamethasone or placebo sprayed onto the surgical field at the end of the operation. * If hoarseness develops in the placebo group, be randomly assigned again to receive either intravenous dexamethasone (5 mg daily for 3 days) or placebo.

A Randomized, Comparative, Controlled Study of Differences in the Incidence of Postoperative Sore Throat (POST) by Inner Diameter Size of the TaperGuardTM Endotracheal Tube (ETT)

Postoperative sore throat (POST) is a common complication following general anesthesia involving endotracheal intubation, often leading to decreased patient satisfaction. The TaperGuard™ endotracheal tube (ETT) features a tapered-shaped cuff designed to reduce micro-aspiration and has been shown to result in a lower incidence of POST compared to conventional cylindrical ETTs. While previous studies using standard cylindrical ETTs suggested that a smaller inner diameter (ID) reduces the risk of POST, this relationship has not been fully established specifically for the TaperGuard™ ETT. This study aims to compare the incidence of POST between a standard-sized TaperGuard™ ETT (ID 7.0 mm) and a smaller-sized TaperGuard™ ETT (ID 6.0 mm) in female patients. The investigators hypothesize that using a smaller ID TaperGuard™ ETT will significantly reduce the occurrence of POST within 24 hours after surgery. Patients will be randomly assigned to either the control group (ID 7.0 mm) or the small group (ID 6.0 mm). Throughout the procedure, cuff pressure will be strictly maintained at 22 cmH2O to minimize mucosal damage. The primary outcome is the presence of sore throat, and secondary outcomes include the severity of the pain and the incidence of hoarseness at several time points up to 24 hours postoperatively.

Efficacy of Flurbiprofen Spray for Postoperative Sore Throat Following Double-Lumen Endobronchial Intubation

The goal of this study is to evaluate whether topical flurbiprofen reduces the incidence and severity of postoperative sore throat (POST) and hoarseness in patients undergoing double-lumen tube (DLT) intubation for elective thoracic surgery. The main question is: Does topical flurbiprofen reduce POST and hoarseness compared with placebo in patients undergoing DLT intubation? Researchers will compare topical flurbiprofen spray with placebo spray. Participants will: * Receive a DLT sprayed with either topical flurbiprofen or placebo before intubation. * Be assessed for POST and hoarseness at 15 minutes, 2 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours, and 48 hours after surgery.

Effect of Cuff Pressure Assessment Methods on Postoperative Complications in Breast Surgery

Endotracheal intubation is a standard procedure used to secure the airway during general anesthesia. A key component of the breathing tube is the "cuff," a balloon-like device that is inflated to seal the airway and prevent aspiration. However, if the pressure within this cuff is too high, it can restrict blood flow to the tracheal lining, leading to complications such as postoperative sore throat, hoarseness, and difficulty swallowing (dysphagia). Currently, there are various methods to monitor and adjust this pressure. In many clinical practices, the pressure is adjusted subjectively or checked only once at the beginning of the surgery. These methods may allow pressure to exceed safe limits (typically 20-30 cmH₂O) or fluctuate during the procedure, potentially causing tissue irritation. This randomized controlled trial aims to compare three different methods of assessing and maintaining endotracheal tube cuff pressure to determine which is most effective at reducing postoperative complications. The study focuses on women undergoing elective breast surgery, a group chosen because the surgery typically lasts 1-3 hours and does not involve major changes in head and neck position, allowing for a clear assessment of the cuff pressure methods. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: * Continuous Monitoring Group: Cuff pressure is monitored continuously using a pressure indicator and maintained within the 20-30 cmH₂O range throughout the surgery. * Manometer Group: Cuff pressure is measured and set to 20-30 cmH₂O using a manual manometer once, immediately after intubation. * Control Group (Minimal Occlusive Volume): The cuff is inflated with the minimum amount of air required to prevent an air leak, without using a pressure gauge. Researchers will assess patients for sore throat, cough, hoarseness, and swallowing difficulties at 0, 1, 12, and 24 hours after surgery to identify the safest and most comfortable method for airway management.