Clinical Research Directory

Local Antibiotics for Breast Implants

The BREAST-AB Trial is a multi-center, randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial investigating the efficacy of local application of gentamicin, vancomycin and cefazolin in decreasing all-cause implant explantation after breast reconstruction.

Implant-Related Infections in Patients With Skeletal Sarcomas

The aim of this observational study is to gain knowledge on the microbial and immunological factors behind implant-related infections in patients with skeletal sarcoma. The main research question the project aims to answer is: • Are immunological factors more important than microbial factors in peri-prosthetic joint infections in orthopaedic oncology patients? Patients with skeletal sarcoma planned for primary surgery (tumour resection and replacement with a megaprosthesis) will be sampled intraoperatively to obtain a cross-section bone tissue slice at the resection margin, three soft tissue biopsies and joint fluid (if possible). Patients who develop a peri-prosthetic joint infection after their primary surgery will be sampled in a similar manner during revision surgery. An additional group of patients with periprosthetic joint infection of a hip or knee prosthesis due to osteoarthritis will be sampled during their revision surgery (bone biopsies, soft tissue biopsies and joint fluid, if possible). Blood samples will be taken from all patients pre-operatively for extensive biochemical and cellular analyses. Researchers will compare periprosthetic tissues before and after infection. Further, periprosthetic infected tissues in patients treated for skeletal sarcoma will be compared to periprosthetic infected tissues in patientens treated for osteoarthritis. This will be done to attempt to identify host and microbial mechanisms responsible for the increased infection rate in patients with a megaprosthesis due to skeletal sarcoma (infection incidence rate up to 30%) compared to patients with a hip or knee prosthesis due to osteoarthritis (infection incidence rate 1-2%).

A Novel Surgical Irrigation Solution in Post-Mastectomy Reconstruction: Evaluating Xperience™

Goal of the Clinical Trial: The purpose of this clinical trial is to learn whether Xperience™ surgical irrigation solution is more effective than a standard dilute povidone-iodine solution in reducing surgical site infections (SSIs) following implant-based breast reconstruction in female patients, aged 18 and older. It will also assess the safety and overall surgical outcomes when using Xperience™ compared to povidone-iodine. Main Questions the Study Aims to Answer: * Does the use of Xperience™ decrease the incidence of surgical site infections compared to povidone-iodine? * What are the differences in the rates of premature implant removal due to infection between patients treated with Xperience™ and those treated with povidone-iodine? * Are there fewer post-surgical complications with Xperience™ compared to povidone-iodine? Study Design: Participants in this study will be randomly assigned to receive either Xperience™ or a dilute povidone-iodine solution during their bilateral implant-based breast reconstruction. Only the research team will know which irrgiation is given- the participant will not know. Participant Will: * Undergo the surgical procedure using one of the two irrigation solutions. * Receive regular post-operative check-ups to monitor for signs of infection and other complications. * Have data collected on any post-surgical complications, the necessity for early implant removal, and overall surgical outcomes.

Antiseptic Effects on the Dental Implant Internal Surface Microbiome

Soldiers operate in environments that are more likely to lead to oral trauma, risking poor dentition which can directly impact military readiness. Dental restoration can often be accomplished via dental implant insertion. Microbiome-associated complications that result in bone loss, including the micro-leakage of bacterial species proliferating in the dental implant internal cavity, frequently lead to implant failure. Reduction in implant bacterial load may result in a shift of the composition of the microbiome in favor of less pathogenic species, potentially improving dental implant success rates, reducing surgical revisions, and associated cost savings. This study aims to determine how disinfectant gel (hydrogen peroxide or chlorhexidine) insertion into dental implant internal cavities affects implant failure rates, bacterial load and microbiome composition.

Biofilm Accumulation in Zirconia vs. Titanium Implants

The aim of this randomized clinical trial is to compare the amount and type of biofilm formed on the surface of zirconia implants compared to titanium implants. A pilot randomized clinical trial will be conducted in which 15 zirconia and 15 titanium single implants will be placed in different patients and the amount of total biofilm and different bacterial species will be evaluated at 3, 6 and 12 months after placement, in addition to bleeding on probing, plaque index, amount of keratinized gingiva, marginal bone loss and patient satisfaction. The Shapiro-Wilk normality test will be performed to determine whether each group follows a normal distribution. Once the distribution of the samples has been verified, we will proceed to apply a parametric test of repeated measures ANOVA or mixed ANOVA with Bonferroni correction, in order to observe what changes exist in the variables to be studied and if these will be statistically significant, establishing a significance level of P\<0.05. If the distribution does not comply with normality, the nonparametric Friedman test will be performed.